酒精依赖症患者情绪记忆特异性机制多模态MRI研究

Long lasting alcohol drinking can lead to alcoholism.Alcohol has bilateral effects on memories.It is still unclear that how the alcohol play roles on emotional memory,especialy the related neuroal mechanism about the effects of alcohol on memory,On the basis of our study on the imaging features of emotional memory and amygdala takes part in the time dependence of emotional memory,healthy control and patients with alcoholism were recruited in this study.Multi-time-points drinking and multi-time points encoding and retrieving was used in our study. A combination of cognitive neuropsychology and multimodal MRI was used to observe wether there is difference among different phase of memory and there is time dependent difference or not and the differene has relationship with amygdala or related brian regions.The results in this study could help prove the difference in cognitive psycology and neuroimaging about the alcohol on emoitional memory of helthy control and patients with alcoholism.Then we clarify the difference has relation to the structure and function in specific regions of emotional neural circuit such as amygdala et al.Our study is helpful to understand the neural basis of emotional memory caused by alcohol,and also help provide the neurological biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism.

长期饮酒可出现酒精依赖症，酒精对记忆一方面有损害作用，另一方面也有促进作用，但酒精如何对记忆认知功能产生影响，尤其是酒精对情绪记忆作用的神经机制目前知之甚少。本课题组在研究情绪性记忆的影像学特征及杏仁核参与情绪记忆的时间依赖性调节的基础上，选用正常人和酒精依赖症患者，采用多时间点给药（饮酒）、多时间点编码和提取的范式，运用认知神经心理学原理与多模态磁共振成像相结合的方法，系统地观察跨不同记忆阶段饮酒对正常人和酒精依赖症患者的情绪记忆的影响是否存在差异，这种差异是否有时间依赖性，这种差异是否与杏仁核等脑区功能有关等。该研究结果可以证明酒精对正常人及酒精依赖症患者情绪记忆作用的认知行为学和神经影像学差异，并阐明这种差异与杏仁核等情绪环路特异性脑区的功能和结构有关，这不仅有助于理解酒精造成情绪记忆改变的神经基础，也为临床上酒精依赖症及酒精性记忆障碍性疾病的诊断和治疗提供神经生物学标记。

酒精依赖症的神经病理学机制，以及酒精使用对依赖症患者情绪记忆和脑功能的影响是否和正常人存在差异目前知之甚少。本项目利用多模态MRI技术测量脑灰质结构、白质完整性和功能网络属性，发现酒精依赖症患者小脑和视觉皮层的灰质结构右侧不对称化程度增高，胼胝体峡部亚段的白质微结构存在选择性受损，皮质脊髓束的白质完整性改变模式在不同的亚段存在差异，运动执行功能网络的全局属性、节点度和功能连接强度均发生改变。此外，利用情绪记忆任务和fMRI，我们发现酒精依赖症患者的局部脑活动和情绪记忆相较于正常对照发生异常改变；饮酒前后，酒精依赖症患者和正常对照情绪记忆和脑功能的变化模式不同，提示酒精对二者的作用机制存在差异。这些研究发现不仅有助于从神经影像学的角度进一步揭示酒精依赖症的神经病理学机制，也为临床上酒精依赖症及酒精性记忆障碍性疾病的诊断和治疗提供神经生物学标记。