形状记忆聚合物内摩擦与宏观减摩抗磨机理的关系研究

Lubricating and sealing material and technology is the important guarantee for high reliability and longevity of the moving parts in aerospace and other high-tech fields, which has a stringent requirement for the damping noise reduction, lubrication and self-compensation of wear. Previous studies have found that stimulate interface size response when the shape memory polymer were worn seriously can compensate for wear, and provide new ideas for solving the technical difficulties mentioned above. However, the breakthrough of these technical difficulties relies on the understanding of the constraint and the coupling mechanism of environment self-adaptation, friction and wear, damping noise reduction performance of shape memory polymer, and there is little research on this aspect at home and abroad. The project takes shape memory PU/Polymer IPNs as the research object, and intend to reveal the contact of science between the internal and macro external friction of PU/Polymer IPNs, and then makes systemic and deep research of the influence mechanism of the microstructure friction pair materials and tribological modification fillers on the above-mentioned versatility, and bridge action mechanism of boundary film in connecting the vibration damping and friction-reducing and anti-wear properties under low temperature, vacuum and other special circumstances. Eventually establish design theory which incorporates damping noise reduction and friction-reducing and anti-wear. The study results can provide the theoretical basis for expanding the application of the shape memory PU/Polymer IPNs as sealing materials in the special environment.

润滑与密封材料及技术是航空航天等高技术领域装备运动部件高可靠、长寿命运行的重要保障，其对摩擦副材料的严苛要求在于减振、润滑和磨损自补偿能力的一体化。申请人前期研究发现形状记忆聚合物磨损后，可刺激界面尺寸回复,有效弥补磨损，为解决上述技术难点提供了新思路。然而，该技术难点的突破依赖于对形状记忆聚合物密封材料的环境自适应、摩擦磨损、阻尼减振等性能之间的制约和耦合机理的认识，国内外目前在这方面还鲜有研究。本项目拟以形状记忆聚氨酯基的互穿聚合物网络为研究对象, 以揭示材料内摩擦与宏观外摩擦的科学联系为先导目标，进而系统研究摩擦副材料的微观结构及摩擦学改性填料对上述多功能性的影响机制以及低温、真空等特殊环境下边界膜在连接材料减振阻尼和减摩抗磨特性中的桥梁作用机理等，最终建立集减振降噪和减摩抗磨于一体的聚合物摩擦副材料设计理论，为拓展形状记忆聚合物材料在航天特殊环境密封系统上的应用提供坚实的理论基础。

润滑与密封材料及技术是航空航天等高技术领域装备运动部件高可靠、长寿命运行的重要保障，其对摩擦副材料的严苛要求在于减振、润滑和磨损自补偿能力的一体化。形状记忆聚合物润滑材料可基于多重结构的相态变化实现形状回复的特性为解决上述技术难点提供了新思路。但以往形状记忆聚氨酯材料的研究主要侧重分子结构设计、改性以及不同条件下形状记忆效应和机械性能，很少涉及内摩擦与磨损失效机理。本项目以形状记忆聚氨酯基的互穿聚合物网络为研究对象,针对其摩擦磨损机理的研究缺乏系统性和理论性，并且研究未充分考虑振动与摩擦的相互影响的国内外现状，设计制备出具有优异形状记忆特性的聚氨酯/环氧树脂互穿网络材料，对其阻尼减振、形状记忆行为、摩擦学性能进行了测试及机理分析，考察了复合材料微观结构与其形状记忆效应、阻尼和摩擦磨损性能的关系、摩擦副对偶表面边界反应膜的形成和作用机理及其润滑功能的分子尺度设计，揭示了其内摩擦与宏观减摩抗磨机理的联系，并初步探索了磨损自补偿修复机制。本研究在聚合物阻尼减振材料领域具有较高的研究价值和实用潜力，将为形状记忆聚合物材料在航天特殊环境密封系统上的拓展应用提供坚实的理论基础。