激光等离子体中高电荷态离子的辐射和动力学演化特性研究

The study on structures and radiation transport properties of highly-charged ions from laser-produced plasmas is very important for plasma diagnosis of controlled thermonuclear fusion, design of new extreme ultraviolet and soft X ray source, optimization of high-power laser ablation ion source, simulation of astrophysics plasma and so on. In this project, based on a further improvement on the existing table-top laser plasma device and the radiative hydrodynamics simulation software with independent intellectual property rights in our laboratory, the interaction mechanism between nanosecond/picosecond laser and material and the propagation and absorption of nanosecond/picosecond laser in plasma will be investigated, the production process of the highly-charged ions will be optimizeed and controlled , the radiative transport properties and the non-equilibrium evolution law of highly-charged ions from laser-produced plasma will be revealed. Through an effective combination between the experimental measurement and theoretical simulation, we hope this project can establish a set of laser plasma diagnostic techniques , which not only can be used to describe the plasma production，expansion and cooling process, but also can provide a technical support for further fine study on plasma properties in the related application fields.

激光等离子体中高电荷态离子结构和辐射输运性质的研究对受控热核聚变等离子体的诊断、新型极紫外和软X射线光源的设计、强流激光离子源的优化及天体等离子体的模拟等具有非常重要的意义。本项目拟通过进一步完善我们已建立的小型台面激光等离子体实验装置和具有自主知识产权的激光等离子体辐射流体动力学模拟程序，系统研究纳秒、皮秒激光与物质相互作用及其在等离子体中的传播和吸收机理，优化操控激光等离子体中高电荷态离子的产生过程，探讨激光等离子体中高电荷态离子的结构和辐射输运特性，揭示激光等离子体中高电荷态离子的非平衡演化规律，建立一套能够统一描述等离子体产生、光谱发射和膨胀冷却过程的多层面的实验测量和理论模拟有机结合的诊断技术，为相关领域对等离子体性质的精细研究提供基础和技术支撑。

本项目基于激光干涉法、瞬态成像技术和阴影成像技术进一步完善了已建立的小型台面激光等离子体实验装置，发展了具有自主知识产权的激光等离子体辐射流体动力学模拟程序。系统研究了纳秒、皮秒激光与物质相互作用及等离子体的动力学演化过程，构建了激光参数（波长、脉宽、强度）与等离子体参数（温度、密度等）之间的定量模型，探讨了激光等离子体中中高Z元素开M和N壳层离子的结构、辐射特性和相关的动力学过程参数演化，揭示了激光等离子体中高电荷态离子的非平衡演化规律，建立了一套能够统一描述等离子体产生、光谱发射和膨胀冷却过程的多层面的实验测量和理论模拟有机结合的诊断技术。通过本项目的研究，不仅加深了人们对激光等离子体中高电荷态离子结构和辐射输运性质的理解，而且还获得了大量在热核聚变、EUV光刻以及天体等离子体研究中感兴趣的辐射跃迁谱线数据，为这些领域中等离子体状态的诊断和应用研究提供了重要的理论依据。