西北地区日光温室热湿环境动态调控系统耦合机理及控制方法研究

With the upgrading of solar greenhouse in Northwest China, the traditional creating and regulation means of thermal and humidity environment in solar greenhouse can not guarantee the high quality and efficient production for the anti-season vegetables in winter. The equipment of the existing greenhouse is crude, the automation level is low and most of the controls rely on artificial sensation. These lead to the low temperature and high humidity environment in greenhouse, diseases occur frequently and the efficiency of crop production is low. Therefore, the methods of design, building and environmental regulation for solar greenhouse are urgently needed to be improved.. The solar greenhouse in Northwest China is taken as the research object in this project. Adopting the method of theoretical analysis, experimental test and dynamic simulation, based on the consideration of energy saving and cooperative coupling, the following researches will be carried out in depth: the heat transfer characteristics of the wall heating system with active-passive collaborative thermal-storage modes; the heat and mass transfer law of complex two-phase fluid network working fluid in the cooling dehumidification system; the influence of ventilation system on thermal and humidity environment of solar greenhouse; and the optimal design method and operation control strategy of the dynamic regulating system for thermal and humidity environment in solar greenhouse. We plan to build the experimental platform of the dynamic regulating system for thermal and humidity environment in solar greenhouse, establish a dynamic operating performance simulation platform of thermal and humidity environment in solar greenhouse, and put forward the operation control method suitable for the solar greenhouse in Northwest China. The results can provide theoretical and technical support for the scientific construction and environmental regulation of modern solar greenhouse in Northwest China.

随着西北地区日光温室产业的升级，传统日光温室热湿环境营造与调控手段已无法保障温室冬季反季节蔬菜的优质高效生产。现有温室设备简陋，自动化水平低，多靠人工感应调控，致使温室内环境低温高湿，病害多发，作物生产效益低。因此，迫切需要改进日光温室设计建造与环境调控的理念和方法。.本课题以西北地区日光温室为研究对象，采用理论分析、实验测试与动态模拟相结合的方法，围绕该地区主被动协同相变蓄热墙体供热系统的传热特性、冷冻除湿系统中复杂两相流体网路工质传热传质规律、通风换气对温室内热湿环境影响以及基于节能降耗与协同耦合的温室热湿环境动态调控系统优化设计方法与运行控制策略等方面展开深入研究，搭建温室热湿环境动态调控系统实验台，建立温室热湿环境调控系统的动态运行性能仿真平台，提出适合西北地区日光温室热湿环境动态调控系统的运行控制方法。研究成果可以为该地区现代日光温室的科学设计建造与环境调控提供理论和技术支撑。

随着我国建设农业强国战略推进以及西北地区日光温室产业的升级，传统日光温室热湿环境营造与调控手段已无法保障温室冬季反季节蔬菜的优质高效生产。现有温室设备简陋，自动化水平低，多靠人工感应调控，导致的温室内低温高湿环境问题已成为温室产业发展的技术瓶颈问题。因此，迫切需要改进日光温室设计建造与环境调控的理念和方法。本项目以西北地区日光温室为研究对象，提出一种新型日光温室热湿环境动态调控系统，采用理论、实验与数值模拟相结合的方法，研究了该系统耦合机理及控制方法，所形成的主要研究结果简述如下：. 1）搭建了两种多曲面槽式太阳能空气集热器的热性能实验台，运用对比的方法研究了太阳辐照度、集热器内空气流速、进口温度及集热器结构等因素对空气集热器热性能参数的影响规律，结果表明该集热器适合应用于日光温室主动集热系统，并得出了多曲面槽式太阳能空气集热器的较优结构。. 2）研究了冷冻除湿系统中蒸发器和冷凝器的传热传质规律，得到了3种不同翅片结构蒸发器的热动力特性，并提出了带亲水涂层翅片蒸发器的传热传质与阻力特性关联式。. 3）搭建了主被动协同相变蓄热墙体供热系统实验台，进行了该墙体供热系统传热机理研究，研究表明在不同天气条件下主被动协同蓄热墙体供热系统能有效的提高墙体内部温度、土壤温度和太阳能利用率，提升墙体内部的蓄热能力，改善日光温室热环境。. 4）研究了以温室龙骨为风道的日光温室通风换气系统气流组织，结果表明气流形式为下送上回式、单喷嘴型喷口、孔径比为1.5、送风口为4个时的通风换气系统较优。. 5）基于时域与值域控制相结合的方法以及功能模块化思想，搭建了温室热湿环境动态调控系统实验台，进行了日光温室热湿环境动态调控系统设计与运行控制策略研究，总结出了不同控制策略下的初步运行效果。