煤自燃过程中氢气生成动力学机理研究与标志性气体的协同预报

Coal spontaneous combustion has been occurred frequently as a serious threat to the life safety of the staff and the sustainable development of the coal industry in our country. Reasonably and efficiently using of marker gases is an effective way to achieve the timely and accurate prediction of coal spontaneous combustion. Consequently this research intends to study on the reaction kinetics and the generation mechanism of marker gases, especially hydrogen. And the coordination forecasting of marker gases also will be explored. With our country different typical metamorphic degree of coal as the research objects, from the microstructure and the molecular level of coal, this project pays a keen attention to the formation of the marker gases ( especially hydrogen ) , the optimization of the marker gases and their intrinsic relevance during coal spontaneous combustion. The analysis technology of coal structure characterization will be preferably selected, and the forecast technology of marker gases will also be optimized, and the simulation system of the whole process of coal spontaneous combustion and the enriched and analytic apparatus of marker gases will be constructured. By means of the in-situ characterization system, this project will be observed the generation of the characteristics and the formation mechanism of various marker gases which are related to the microstructure of coal groups during coal spontaneous combustion processes. And the intrinsic relationship between the marker gases will also be investigated, in order to the purpose of coordination prediction. The research results can be used to establish of basic theory of marker gases formation and provide the theoretical basis and practical guidance for the coordination prediction of the marker gases containing hydrogen during different types of coal spontaneous combustion in our country.

我国矿井内煤炭自燃的频繁发生已严重威胁到工作人员的生命安全以及制约了煤炭工业的可持续发展，合理有效地利用标志性气体是实现煤自燃前期及时精确预测预报的有效途径。本研究拟进行标志性气体，特别是氢气，生成动力学及机理的基础理论研究与标志性气体协同预报。以我国典型不同变质程度自燃煤种为研究对象，从煤微观结构及分子水平上，以自燃过程中标志性气体（特别是氢气）生成行为、标志性气体的优选及内在相关性为考察重点，优选煤种结构表征分析技术、优化标志性气体预报工艺、构建煤自燃全过程模拟测试系统和标志性气体富集及解析装置，借助于原位表征系统，以实现与煤微观结构官能团相关的各种标志性气体在煤自燃过程中生成的本征特性和生成机理的考察、及标志性气体之间内在相关性的探讨，达到标志性气体协同预报的目的。研究结果可为我国不同自燃煤种在自燃过程中标志性气体生成的基础理论的建立和包含氢气在内的标志性气体协同预报提供理论依据。

合理有效地利用指标气体是实现煤自燃早期及时精确预测预报的有效途径。由于单一指标气体预测不准确性，本项目研究煤自燃多指标气体协同预测预报。以我国不同变质程度煤种为研究对象，构建煤自燃全过程模拟测试系统和标志性气体富集及解析装置，系统研究自燃过程中各种指标气体释放规律和生成途径，通过建立数学模型，探讨各种指标气体的内在相关性，在此基础上建立多指标气体预测预报模型；研究煤自燃过程中微观官能团的转化规律，计算活性官能团的转化动力学特性；依据煤自燃过程中C、H、O、S、N元素转化特性，计算煤自燃过程中各种指标气体生成动力学和热力学特性；基于煤自燃宏观与微观之间的关联性，发现在煤自燃过程中，同类型活性官能团之间存在“同类型基团自氧化行为”，同反应序列的不同类型官能团之间存在“同反应序列自氧化行为”，这两种反应行为同时存在，相互交叉，相互协同，共同促进煤自燃过程的进行；同时探讨了各种指标气体生成机理，计算得到了煤自燃过程中参与反应的活性氢的含量，建立了基于活性氢含量的不同变质程度煤种自燃倾向性预测方法和基于多种指标气体的煤自燃状态协同预报方法。研究成果为深入揭示煤自燃机理提供理论基础，完善了煤自燃早期预测预报技术体系，具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。