碳纳米管/沥青基泡沫炭复合材料结构设计及其吸附机理

The investigations of novel carbon materials are important frontiers and hot research topic in materials science and technology. It has important value for the scientific research and practical use to improve the structural design, controllable synthesis and adsorption performance. First, mesophase pitch was prepared by grinding and heat treatment process with coal tar pitch as raw materials. Then carbon nanotube/mesophase pitch composite was synthesized by solution dispersion method using meosphase pitch as precursor and carbon nanotubes as additive. Finally, carbon nanotube/carbon foam composite was also prepared using spontaneous foaming method through the foaming, carbonization and graphitization process. The microstructure and adsorption property of carbon nanotube/carbon foam composites were performed using SEM, FT-IR, TEM, XRD and PCTPro respectively. The effects of precursor property and foaming process parameters on the microcellular size, shape and porosity were studied. The controllable preparation mechanism of carbon nanotube/carbon foam composite was established and the mechanism of carbon nanotube enhancing the adsorption property of carbon foam was also systematically investigated. The aim of this project was to enhance the adsorption effect of carbon nanotube/carbon foam composites in the automobile exhaust.

新型碳纳米材料研究是材料学科中的重大前沿和热点问题，优化材料的结构设计和可控制备及其提高其吸附性能具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。首先以普通煤沥青为原料，通过研磨、热处理工艺等制备出中间相沥青；以中间相沥青为前驱体，碳纳米管为添加剂，运用液相分散法制备出碳纳米管/中间相沥青复合体系，采用自发泡法，经研磨、发泡、炭化和石墨化等工艺可控制备出碳纳米管/中间相沥青基泡沫炭复合材料。通过SEM、FT-IR、TEM、XRD和PCTPro等设备测试分析中间相沥青以及碳纳米管/泡沫炭复合材料的微观组织结构和吸附性能。揭示前驱体性能和发泡工艺参数对泡沫炭泡孔尺寸、形状和孔隙率等结构的影响，建立碳纳米管/泡沫炭复合材料的可控制备机制，并系统研究碳纳米管/泡沫炭对气体吸附性能的增强机理。通过碳纳米管与中间相沥青基泡沫炭的复合，实现对泡沫炭气体吸附性能的提高，以提升其在汽车尾气吸附中的应用效果。

项目以普通煤沥青为原料，通过研磨、热处理工艺等制备出中间相沥青；以中间相沥青为前驱体，石墨烯、碳纳米管为添加剂，运用液相分散法制备出石墨烯-碳纳米管/中间相沥青复合体系，采用自发泡法，经研磨、发泡、炭化和石墨化等工艺可控制备出石墨烯-碳纳米管/中间相沥青基泡沫炭复合材料。通过SEM、FT-IR、TEM、XRD和PCTPro等设备测试分析中间相沥青以及石墨烯-碳纳米管/泡沫炭复合材料的微观组织结构和吸附性能。揭示了前驱体性能和发泡工艺参数对泡沫炭泡孔尺寸、形状和孔隙率等结构的影响，建立了石墨烯-碳纳米管/泡沫炭复合材料的可控制备机制，并系统研究石墨烯-碳纳米管/泡沫炭对气体吸附性能的增强机理。通过石墨烯、碳纳米管与中间相沥青基泡沫炭的复合，实现对泡沫炭气体吸附性能的提高，以提升其在汽车尾气吸附中的应用效果。