基于生物力学参数的面部软组织数学模型研究

As people grew older, all the facial soft tissues are gradually degenerating, among which, the sagging of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and fat pad, along with the laxity of facial ligaments, plays a significant role in aging process. The essence of facial rejuvenation operation is to dissect the sagging tissues then to suspend and tighten them to their normal anatomical position. However there are still urgent tough problems to settle: the tissues suspended requires qualitative during the procedure of suspending and tightening, and the suspension point, fixation point, direction and force to tighten, all need to choose and decide. Our research group, aiming at solving the problems above, combining with previous anatomical and histological research techniques and results, intends to continues the following exploratory research: Make a microdissection study of the SMAS, malar fat pad, facial ligaments to clarify the particular position and structure features of them; Then make a histological study to attain their components; Make a study of their biomechanical properties ,which includes hysteresis, stress-relaxation, stress-strain, creep, anisotropy,etc, to declare mechanical properties of the facial soft tissues, establish a mathematical model. And this mathematical model could be the theoretical basis of the study of facial soft tissues sagging in biomechanical aspect, while provide a vital guidance for rejuvenation operation treatment and later exploration of soft tissue artificial substitutes.

随着年龄的增长，面部软组织逐渐发生退行性改变，其中表浅肌肉腱膜系统（SMAS）和脂肪垫的松垂，面部韧带的松弛在衰老过程中起着非常重要的作用。面部年轻化手术的实质是对松垂的组织进行分离和提紧悬吊，使其恢复到正常的解剖学位置，但目前仍然存在急需解决的难题：悬吊提紧过程中对悬吊的组织需要定性；对悬吊点、固定点、提紧方向、提紧力量大小的选择和把握。课题组拟针对以上难题,结合前期的解剖学与组织学研究技术与结果，进行以下探索性研究：通过对面部表浅肌腱膜系统、面部韧带、颧脂肪垫进行显微解剖研究，阐述更加具体的位置与结构特点；再进行组织化学研究，得到其组织结构的组成成分；并对其生物力学特性：滞后、应力松弛、应力应变、蠕变、各向异性等进行研究，阐明面部软组织的力学特性,建立数学模型。该模型可成为生物力学角度探究面部软组织松垂的理论依据，进而为年轻化手术治疗和后期人工软组织替代物的开发提供重要的指导。