High blood pressure, hemodynamic disorders and vascular remodeling mutual causation mutual promotion, together lead to hemodynamic abnormalities, eventually causing a variety of target organ damage in hypertension. Antihypertensive is the most effective treatment, but hypertensive patients with well-controlled blood pressure still have a higher risk of cardiovascular surplus. We found that when we controlled the blood pressure to a normal level in spontaneously hypertensive rats, shear stress disorders and vascular remodeling still exist in their aortas. Exercise can improve vascular remodeling in hypertension, but how to regulate the regulation of vascular remodeling by exercise is not yet clear. Combined with the pre-experimental results, we propose that based on the standard pressure-relief theraphy, exercise training can inhibit vascular endothelial dysfunction and the resulted vascular remodeling and protect the normal vascular function through mitofusin 2 pathway, ultimately play a preventive role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular residual in hypertension. This project intends to study how shear stress affects the expression of Mfn2 during hypertension, the regulatory mechanism of abnormal shear force on the expression of Mfn2 in endothelial cells, and the protective effect of exercise training on the vascular remodeling mediated by Mfn2.This topic is a further in-depth study of the previous work, is expected to find a key target in the interception of shear stress and vascular remodeling on the basis of well-controlled blood pressure, can cut off the vicious cycle between hemodynamics and vascular remodeling, improve vascular function , provide new clues and basis for the early prevention of target organ damage in hypertension.
高血压时血压增高、血流力学机制紊乱与血管重构互为因果,共同导致血流动力学异常,最终引起多种靶器官损害。降压达标的高血压患者仍具有较高的心血管剩余风险。我们发现血压降至正常的高血压大鼠,其主动脉内仍存在剪切力紊乱,与血管重构有关。运动可改善高血压血管重构,但其作用是否与剪切力有关尚未明确。我们提出在降压达标基础上,运动训练通过线粒体融合蛋白2(Mfn2)通路,抑制高血压异常剪切力引起的血管内皮功能紊乱,从而抑制血管重构,保护血管功能,最终改善高血压患者远期预后。本课题拟从高血压时剪切力如何影响Mfn2表达、异常剪切力对内皮细胞Mfn2的表达调控机制和运动训练经Mfn2介导发挥血管重构保护作用三方面,阐明降压达标基础上,运动训练通过干预剪切力与血管重构间的关键靶点Mfn2,进一步改善血管重构,切断血流力学作用与血管重构间恶性循环,改善血管功能,为高血压靶器官损害的早期防治提供新的线索和依据。
高血压是最常见的慢性心血管疾病,可以造成多种靶器官损伤并导致不良预后,是脑卒中和冠心病发病的主要危险因素。血压增高、剪切力作用异常、血管重构这三方面因素相互促进,加剧高血压病情进展。血压控制达标的高血压患者依然具有较高的心血管剩余风险,血管内剪切力异常和血管重构是其潜在病理基础。长期运动训练对血压有调节作用,可减轻动脉僵硬度,改善预后。然而,运动如何改善高血压血管重构和不良预后的机制仍未阐明,且高血压患者运动的疗效尚缺乏可行的评价指标。因此,我们开展了本项目研究,旨在阐明运动如何改善高血压病理变化,以期为高血压病的治疗提供新的线索。我们的研究采用跨学科技术手段明确了高血压主动脉流体力学环境受运动调控的变化规律,明确了中等强度有氧运动训练对大鼠主动脉血管重构的影响,采用计算流体力学方法或基于流固耦合的计算模拟方法,评价高血压血流剪切力,可反映血管重构的改善情况,可作为评价高血压治疗在血管重构层面是否有效的无创检测手段;明确了剪切力通过调节Mfn2的表达影响内皮细胞的功能,运动改善血流力学环境可通过Mfn2发挥改善血管重构的作用。在此基础上,我们进一步关注了运动影响高血压预后的另外两种主要病理机制,证实运动能够有效地抑制心肌纤维化,改善心脏的舒张功能,POU2F1是运动改善高血压心脏重构的重要机制;运动训练显著改善动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性,SEMA3A是运动发挥稳定粥样硬化斑块的重要机制。综上,我们的研究证实,运动训练对高血压的血管重构、心脏重构和斑块稳定性均有保护作用,Mfn2是剪切力影响血管重构的重要机制,运动通过多种机制对高血压靶器官损害发挥改善作用,以Mfn2、POU2F1、SEMA3A为靶分子有望实现对高血压靶器官损害的遏制,改善高血压预后,采用计算流体力学手段评价血管力学指标的改变,可反映高血压血管重构的程度变化,有望成为无创评价高血压血管重构疗效的技术手段。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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