糖尿病脑损害个体化差异细胞模型构建

The brain injuries caused by diabetes is a serious threat to human health. There is no ideal diagnosis and prevention methods in clinical currently. In the preceding work of our research group, through a large number of animal experiments and clinical observation showed that the occurrence, performance, treatment and prognosis of type 2 diabetic brain injuries, such as cognitive impairment and hemichorea, has complicated and personalized relationship with the neuron (N), astrocyte (A) and/or microvascular endothelial cell (E) and other target cells, but their relevant mechanisms need ideal models for in-depth exploration. Based on the idea of precision medicine, our research group intends to develop a brand new personalized human brain cell models using N, A and E that are produced by induced differentiation of the urinary epithelial cells of the patients with type 2 diabetic brain injuries and controls through the mature method we have got. The model will provide a new platform to further explore the cellular target spot and molecular mechanism of the type 2 diabetic brain injuries identification, intervention and evaluation, so as to reveal and establish new direction, strategy and method on the effective diagnosis and treatment, as well as specific marker and medical target spot of diabetic brain injuries, therefore it can establish precious and strong scientific foundation and technical support for relevant innovative drug research.

糖尿病脑损害是严重威胁人类健康的疾病，目前临床上尚无理想的诊断和防治方法。本课题组前期临床观察及动物实验显示，2型糖尿病认知功能障碍和偏侧舞蹈症等糖尿病脑损害的发生、表现、治疗及转归与神经元（N）、星型胶质细胞（A）与/或毛细血管内皮细胞（E）等靶细胞的损伤/激活有复杂的个体化关联，但对其机制的深入探讨尚缺乏理想研究模型。基于“精确医学”主旨，本课题拟采集人来源的尿液上皮细胞，利用前期诱导性多能干细胞技术，进一步制备特异分化的个体化靶细胞：N、A及E，创建糖尿病脑损害个体化特异性靶细胞模型。此模型可为研究糖尿病脑损害识别、干预和评价细胞靶点与分子机制提供新的方向、策略和方法，亦可为寻找糖尿病脑损害诊断的特异性标志物和药物治疗靶点提供可靠研究载体和全新研究模式，进而为相关创新药物品种研发奠定准确、坚实的科学基础和技术支持。