双站低频超宽带叶簇穿透SAR对隐蔽运动目标成像的关键技术研究

Bistatic low frequency ultrawideband (LF UWB) foliage penetration synthetic aperture radar (FOPEN SAR) can obtain the non-backscattering information and has the well foliage penetration ability to detect the concealed target. Due to the complicated imaging geometry, lower operating frequency and larger fractional bandwidth ratio as well as the longer synthetic aperture length, the bistatic LF UWB FOPEN SAR echo signal of the concealed ground moving target (GMT) has the characteristics of the complicated electromagnetic scattering, large range-azimuth coupling and spatial-variance, as well as the serious radio frequency interference (RFI). Thus, several difficult problems need to be resolved when processing the bistatic LF UWB FOPEN SAR data of the concealed GMT, such as the electromagnetic scattering analysis of the the concealed target and clutter, scence raw signal simulation, complicated RFI suppression, and high-precision imaging of the concealed GMT. However, most of the existing imaging theory and methods which are put forward aiming at the bistatic high frequency SAR and monostatic LF UWB FOPEN SAR, are hard to solve the above-mentioned difficult problems. In this project, based on the theory analysis and experimental validation, the imaging techniques of the concealed GMT in the bistatic LF UWB FOPEN SAR are investigated, which break through some of key problems such as the electromagnetic scattering analysis of the the concealed target and clutter, scence raw signal simulation, complicated RFI suppression, and high-precision imaging of the concealed GMT. The project can provide theoretical and technical support for the bistatic LF UWB FOPEN SAR. The research of this project will have important significance and wide applications in enriching imaging techniques of the concealed GMT, and improving the performance of the domestic imaging radar system to detect the concealed targets.

双站低频超宽带叶簇穿透合成孔径雷达（SAR）具有获取非后向散射信息的能力和穿透叶簇对隐蔽目标成像的能力。复杂成像几何、低频段、大相对带宽和长合成孔径导致回波信号具有电磁散射复杂、耦合性强、空变性大、射频干扰（RFI）严重等特点，因此对隐蔽地面运动目标（GMT）成像需解决隐蔽目标及杂波电磁散射特性分析、场景回波信号仿真、复杂RFI抑制和GMT高精度成像等难点问题。现有成像技术主要针对双站高频SAR和单站低频超宽带叶簇穿透SAR提出，难以有效解决以上难点问题。本项目从理论分析和实验验证入手，对双站低频超宽带叶簇穿透SAR隐蔽GMT成像技术展开研究，重点突破隐蔽目标及杂波电磁散射特性分析、场景回波信号仿真、复杂RFI抑制和隐蔽GMT高精度成像等关键问题。本项目研究为双站低频超宽带叶簇穿透SAR提供理论和技术支持，对于丰富隐蔽GMT成像技术和提升我国反隐蔽目标成像雷达的性能具有重要意义和广阔前景。

双站低频超宽带叶簇穿透合成孔径雷达（SAR）具有获取非后向散射信息的能力和穿透叶簇对隐蔽目标成像的能力。然而，复杂成像几何、低频段、大相对带宽和长合成孔径导致雷达回波信号具有电磁散射复杂、耦合性强、空变性大、射频干扰（RFI）严重等特点，现有双站SAR成像技术难以有效解决上述难点问题。为此，本项目从理论分析和实验验证入手，深入研究双站低频超宽带叶簇穿透SAR隐蔽地面运动目标（GMT）成像的关键技术，完成了项目计划书中规定的研究内容，取得了一系列具有重要理论意义和实用价值的研究成果，如隐蔽目标及杂波电磁散射特性分析方法、场景回波信号仿真方法、复杂RFI抑制方法和隐蔽GMT高精度成像方法。研究过程中，本项目利用实验数据对所研究方法进行反复验证和改进完善，从而保证所获研究成果的有效性和适用性。本项目研究成果为双站低频超宽带叶簇穿透SAR实用化提供了理论和技术支持，对于丰富隐蔽GMT探测技术和提升我国反隐蔽目标成像雷达的性能具有重要意义，有助于推动双站SAR技术在民用和军事领域的发展和应用。.基于研究成果，项目组共计发表学术论文28篇，其中SCI论文2篇，EI论文24篇，全国雷达学术年会论文2篇。申请/公开国家发明专利12项，培养研究生9人（已毕业研究生2人）。项目组成员还积极参加国际/国内雷达会议，其中10余人次受邀作了多场学术报告，提升了所取得研究成果的国际和国内影响力。