基于“骨骼”的数字城市三维建筑物数据模型研究

Aiming at the limitations of existing 3D building data model in Digital City in the expression of the structural characteristics and spatial information, and on the basis of three-dimensional building shape, this project introduces the "Skeleton-skin" data model from three-dimensional visualization field to develop a new 3D building data model which embraces both building components and construction methods. Through classified abstraction and loading mechanism on "bearing structure - the surface morphology" in building components and "process behavior - operating unit" in building construction methods , we will establish the "Skeleton-skin" building logical model; Based on the principle of closed circuit topology in the building inner space, we will construct the building spatial index model. Based on circular reasoning mechanism of direction and topological relations, we will generate topological relations model based on the "Skeleton-skin"; In accordance with logic, spatial indexing and topological relations model，we will build the integrated physical data model with two-way expression "the building structural characteristics← → the building spatial information"; Finally, via modeling examples and experiments, we will improve and optimize the "Skeleton-skin" based building logical model and physical data structures. The results of this project will be able to express the building structural characteristics and internal and external spatial information perfectly，improve not only the efficiency and accuracy of the simplification of three-dimensional building model, but also the network transmission efficiency of the building data, and then support the application of Digital City to meet the current urgent social and economic development needs.

针对现有数字城市中三维建筑物数据模型在建筑物构造特征与空间信息表达上的局限，本课题根据建筑物立体形态构成，引入三维可视化中"骨骼"数据模型，发展融入建筑构件和建筑构造方法的新的三维建筑物数据模型。通过建筑构件"承重结构﹣表面形态"和建筑构造方法"过程行为﹣操作单元"的分级抽象与逐级包含机制，建立基于"骨骼"的建筑物逻辑模型；依据建筑物内空间的闭路拓扑原理，构建建筑物空间索引模型，依据方向与拓扑关系循环推理机理，构建基于"骨骼"的拓扑关系模型；依据逻辑、空间索引和拓扑关系模型，构建"建筑物构造特征?建筑物空间信息"双向表达的一体化物理数据模型；最后，以建模实例和应用实验，对逻辑模型和物理数据结构进行针对性的改进和优化。本课题成果将能够表达建筑构造特征和内外部空间信息，提高三维建筑物模型的简化效率、准确性和模型数据的网络传输效率，支撑数字城市的建筑管理应用，满足当前优化城市发展的迫切需求。

针对现有数字城市中三维建筑物数据模型在建筑物构造特征与空间信息表达上的局限，本课题根据建筑物立体形态构成，引入三维可视化中“骨骼”数据模型，发展融入建筑构件和建筑构造方法的新的三维建筑物数据模型。通过建筑构件“承重结构﹣表面形态”和建筑构造方法“过程行为﹣操作单元”的分级抽象与逐级包含机制，建立基于“骨骼”的建筑物逻辑模型；依据建筑物内空间的闭路拓扑原理，构建建筑物空间索引模型，依据方向与拓扑关系循环推理机理，构建基于“骨骼”的拓扑关系模型；依据逻辑、空间索引和拓扑关系模型，构建“建筑物构造特征↔建筑物空间信息”双向表达的一体化物理数据模型；最后，以建模实例和应用实验，对逻辑模型和物理数据结构进行针对性的改进和优化。本课题成果将能够表达建筑构造特征和内外部空间信息，提高三维建筑物模型的简化效率、准确性和模型数据的网络传输效率，支撑数字城市的建筑管理应用，满足当前优化城市发展的迫切需求。