云南山地资源梯度开发与贫困农户生计耦合发展机理研究

Mountain system is a special morphology of man-earth relationship evolution. Yunnan mountain , as a typical representation of China mountain, is one of areas which are famous for its most obvious characteristics of vertical zonality in the world. The degree of interdependence is obvious between resource exploration and households livelihoods in relatively closed space. It is the basis and objective demand for the coordinated development of mountainous system to focus on the vertical differentiation of natural and humanistic systems. In order to break through the limitations of previous research which emphasizes less on the coupled relationship between mountain resources development and impoverished rural livelihoods and stresses much on horizontal zonality, this study is based on the space-time integration of Geography and applying coupled theory of physics and aims to dissect the characteristics of mountain resource gradient development as well as the temporal and spatial characteristics of poor households livelihoods, deconstruct the coupled factors and correlation measures and analyze the coupled formation mechanism so as to propose mode selection and spatial layout of future gradient development of mountain resource and optimized development of the poor rural livelihoods and at the same time, explore the scientific research theory and method of coordinated development of mountain system and man-earth relationship. It will be a useful attempt to enrich the connotation of human geography research and provide an innovative thinking and regional practice basis for promoting China’s strategy of building a well-off society in an all round way and the implementation of the policy, namely precise poverty alleviation in Yunnan province.

山地系统是人地关系演进特色鲜明的空间形态。作为中国山地的典型代表，云南山地是世界垂直地带性最为明显的区域之一，以此为空间载体所演化的相对封闭的资源开发——农户生计体系相互依赖程度明显，重视这种山地自然——人文系统的垂直地带性，揭示其演进规律，是促进山地人地系统协调发展的基础所在和客观需求。研究从地理学时空视角出发，引入物理学耦合理论，突破以往山地资源开发和贫困农户生计耦合割裂和侧重水平地带性的研究局限，以山地资源梯度开发与贫困农户生计耦合发展机理解析为切入点，剖析山地资源梯度开发特征和贫困农户生计时空特征，解构耦合要素及关联测度，分析耦合形成机理，提出未来山地资源梯度开发与贫困农户生计优化发展的模式选择及空间布局，探索山地人地系统协调发展的科学研究理论和方法，为丰富人文地理学研究内涵做出有益尝试，也为推动国家全面建成小康社会战略和和云南实施"精准扶贫"政策提供提一种创新思维和区域实践依据。

山地系统是人地关系演进特色鲜明的空间形态，作为中国山地的典型代表，云南山地是世界垂直地带性最为明显的区域之一，重视此类山地的自然——人文系统垂直地带性特征，并揭示其演进规律，是促进山地人地系统协调发展的基础所在和项目背景。研究基于地理学时空观，突破以往山地资源开发和贫困农户生计侧重水平地带性的研究局限，围绕云南山地资源梯度开发与贫困农户生计协调发展这一主线，一方面，紧扣地理学科交叉发展前沿，适时引入相关学科理论，在上一个基金提出的“山地综合时空运输成本”思路基础上，基于地形梯度视域，又尝试提出“土地梯度承载力”的概念及内涵，强调山地系统垂直地带性的关键表征值，在方法构建中增加山地垂直 . 地带性的重要数据指标，从多维空间关系剖析山地资源梯度开发特征及其景观生态风险，探究山地系统垂直地带性区别于平原系统水平地带性的特征。另一方面，实时回应区域社会发展重大现实需求，认为处于新发展阶段和新发展格局中的以云南为代表的中国山地农户生计的脱贫和致富的有机衔接是项目研究的重要实践问题，研究从生计资本视域，厘清"生计资本、扶贫开发和乡村振兴"的内在逻辑, 更加聚焦山地农户生计典型案例区，尝试构建突出山地垂直地带性的农户生计资本多维评价指标体系,解构耦合要素及关联测度，分析云南山地农户生计时空特征及形成机理，提出未来山地资源梯度开发与贫困农户生计优化发展类型及空间布局，探索山地人地系统协调发展的科学研究理论和方法。同时，克服侧重资源开发和环境保护双重矛盾的研究局限，充分考虑山地资源开发、农户生计发展和生态环境保护的多重多维矛盾，结合研究进程中新发现的问题，从生态文明思想的核心内涵“两山理论”（“绿水青山就是金山银山”）角度补充了“云南山地资源开发和农户生计发展的景观生态风险评价及影响因素”的研究内容，为拓展丰富人文地理学研究内涵和促进学科交叉做出有益的科学尝试。