农田景观格局差异对黑纹粉蝶越夏和越冬蛰伏种群的影响及其机制

During the dormancy of over-summering and over-wintering diapause, ecosystem services(ES) in different agricultural landscape diversity, such as beneficial insects of predators, parasitoid and beneficial microorganism on biological pest suppression, play a major role. Here, the cabbage butterfly Pieris melete, which undergo both pupal aestivating and hibernating diapause were selected. Based on the previous studies on the effect of environmental factors on diapause regulating and transcriptome analysis, we propose to study the trade-off effects of the dormancy population, which undergoes over-summering, and over-wintering diapause. The population dynamics under different agricultural landscape diversity, the food chain relationship among the dominant parasitic wasp, the Nodavirus named PmNV, which was discovered in the transcriptome analysis, and the diapausing pupae under different agricultural landscape diversity, to clarify the effect of ecological services on over-summering and over-wintering diapause. Apply of the molecular detection technology to establish a molecular quantitative evaluation system on parasitic and virus infection on over-summering and over-wintering population, which may given us quantitative evaluate methods for the ecological services of different landscape diversity. Also, the ecological experiments such as cage experiments, baits cards experiments were used to evaluate the natural ecological services of dominant parasitic wasp and Nodavirus under different agricultural landscape. The current proposal may provide a typical example case study on ecological services of agricultural landscape diversity during the dormancy periods. The research package aims at strengthening the functional role of landscape diversity in pest management, which may lay the necessary data foundation for the agricultural landscape ecological services.

在害虫蛰伏越夏和越冬期间，不同农业景观格局下天敌和有益微生物的生态服务功能对控制害虫种群基数起了重大的调控作用。项目选择以蛹越夏和越冬的黑纹粉蝶为对象，基于前期滞育种群生态调控和比较转录组学的研究基础，从不同农业景观下越夏和越冬蛰伏种群代价出发，系统分析不同景观构成下越夏和越冬蛰伏种群发生动态、优势寄生蜂对越夏和越冬蛰伏种群寄生率的变化和新发现病毒的感染率差异等食物链关系，明确农业景观差异对蛰伏种群数量的影响。应用分子检测技术，建立天敌寄生和病毒感染导致越夏和越冬蛰伏种群致死的分子评价体系，对不同景观条件下天敌或病毒种类生态控害作用进行定量评估。进一步通过在不同景观水平分期分批用罩笼试验、蛹卡布置等生态学试验系统评估不同景观条件下天敌和病毒对蛰伏种群的控害功能。研究内容将为农业景观在昆虫蛰伏期间的生态服务功能分析提供经典案例，为系统评估农业景观区域性的生态服务功能奠定必要的理论基础资料。

在害虫蛰伏越夏和越冬期间，不同农业景观格局下天敌和有益微生物的生态服务功能对控 制害虫种群基数起了重大的调控作用。项目选择以蛹越夏和越冬的黑纹粉蝶为对象，基于前期滞育种群生态调控和比较转录组学的研究基础，从不同农业景观下越夏和越冬蛰伏种群代价出发，系统分析不同景观构成下越夏和越冬蛰伏种群发生动态、优势寄生蜂对越夏和越冬蛰伏种群寄生率的变化和微生物对滞育蛹的感染率差异等食物链关系，明确农业景观差异对蛰伏种群数量的影响，对不同景观条件下天敌或微生物种类生态控害作用进行定量评估。通过在不同景观水平分期分批用罩笼试验、蛹卡布置等生态学试验系统评估不同景观条件下天敌和病毒对蛰伏种群的控害功能。.本项目研究计划全面开展了相关研究工作，内容主要包括田间实地景观勘测、田间试验、定位罩笼观测、定位设置天敌寄生和寄生捕食诱集卡试验有机结合，系统分析不同景观背景下越夏和越冬蛰伏种群存活动态、优势捕食性天敌、寄生蜂对越夏和越冬蛰伏种群的寄生率变化和微生物的感染率差异，明确农业景观差异对蛰伏种群数量的影响，评价农业景观在害虫蛰伏期间的生态服务功能。从农业景观多样性调控虫害和天敌种群发生，蛰伏越夏和越冬期间种群被捕食或寄生的食物网关系方面的系统调查研究，对捕食天敌性天敌、寄生蜂和微生物感染导致越夏和越冬蛰伏种群致死率进行系统评价，明确了不同层次农业景观多样性调控黑纹粉蝶蛰伏越夏和越冬种群基数的生态控害作用。研究内容将为农业景观在昆虫蛰伏期间的生态服务功能分析提供经典案例，为系统评估农业景观区域性的生态服务功能奠定必要的理论基础资料。.