过渡金属氧化物与石墨烯微纳复合材料的设计合成及其储锂机理研究

In order to obtain high-performance energy conversion and storage devices, a major research direction appears to be shifting to design, fabrication, and manipulation of various anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with high reversible capacity, long cycle life, and low cost. Transition-metal oxides/graphene composite materials could enhance capacity, cycle life, and rate capability for lithium-ion batteries. Different nanostructures of transition-metal oxides/graphene micro-nanostructures composite will be synthesized and their electrochemical properties will be studied. The effect of various reaction conditions on the composite will be explored. It will be studied that the relationship between different structures and morphologies of the composites and their electrochemical performance. We will do research on the behavior of the interfacial interaction between transition metal oxide and graphene by controlling the surface chemistry. The functional groups on graphene sheets surface determine the nucleation of transition metal oxide during the self-assembly process. And they also can tune the nucleation energies for different crystalline structures and thereby control the crystalline phases. Transition-metal oxides/graphene micro-nanostructures composite materials can be designed prepared, according to the features of their electrochemical properties. Furthermore, this project will analyze the mechanism of lithium ion diffusion, extraction, insertion, and storage in the composite materials. And the research will provide the scientific basis and technical support for their application in the field of lithium batteries.

为了获得高性能的能量转换和存储设备，目前国内外的研究热点是设计和制备具有高容量、长循环寿命以及低耗的锂离子电池负极材料。过渡金属氧化物与石墨烯的复合材料可以很好的提高锂电池的容量、循环性能和大倍率容量。本项目将利用过渡金属氧化物不同的纳米结构与石墨烯构筑三维微纳结构复合材料以期获得高性能的负极材料，考察各种实验条件对复合材料的影响，研究不同结构、形貌的复合材料对其电化学性能的影响规律。研究过渡金属氧化物与石墨烯之间的界面作用行为，通过控制表面化学，利用石墨烯表面的官能团控制金属氧化物自组装过程中的成核，控制合成不同晶相和新的结构，并且根据其电化学性能的特点设计合成过渡金属氧化物和石墨烯微纳结构的复合材料，探索复合材料的储锂机理，为获得高性能锂电池负极材料及其在动力电池领域中的应用提供科学依据和技术支撑。

随着技术的不断发展，电子产品、电动汽车等得到了越来越广泛地应用，而这些应用与锂离子电池的快速发展是密不可分的。制备安全、稳定、高容量、价格低廉且环境友好的锂离子电池始终是国内外研究的热点。过渡金属氧化物与石墨烯的复合材料能够提高锂电池的容量、循环性能和大倍率容量。本项目采用简单的水热法/溶剂热法制备过渡金属氧化物与石墨烯三维微纳结构复合材料，考察各种实验条件对复合材料的影响，研究不同组成、结构、形貌的复合材料对其电化学性能的影响规律，研究过渡金属氧化物与石墨烯之间的协同作用。通过调控反应条件，控制合成异质结构过渡金属氧化物与还原氧化石墨烯3D微纳结构复合材料，由于发挥了多组分优势，实现了协同效应，从而提高复合材料的电化学性能，并且研究复合材料的储锂机理，为获得高性能锂电池负极材料及其在动力电池领域中的应用提供科学依据和理论基础。