非均匀边界环境下气冷透平的伴随边界理论及流热机理研究

Non-uniform boundary conditions caused by the coupling between the turbine and neighboring components may have significant detrimental effect on the performance and reliability of air-cooled turbine. Understanding the flow physics and developing design optimization methods considering non-uniformity are valuable to both research and industrial communities. This project is aimed at studying the effect of the non-uniform boundary condition and a new adjoint boundary theory will be developed for the efficient and quantitative assessment of their effects on the performance. Contrary to existing method whose computational cost is proportional to the number of design parameters, current method is much more efficient and its cost is nearly independent of the parameter number. In this project, with advanced experiment method, the unsteady effect of typical non-uniform boundary conditions on the flow and heat transfer, also the effect on the rotor film cooling of multi-stage air-cooled turbine will be studied, which also provide basis to the validation of adjoint boundary theory and the development of high-fidelity turbulence simulation method suitable for turbine flow. Combining experiment, adjoint boundary theory and high-fidelity turbulence simulation, the flow physics and sensitivity of typical non-uniform boundary condition on the turbine performance will be clarified. In this work the non-uniform boundary condition will be considered in the design space and a multi-fidelity optimization system based on the adjoint theory will be developed for better turbine performance in the environment of non-uniform boundary conditions. To sum up, an adjoint boundary condition theory will be developed based on which the design optimization theory and method for highly-loaded turbine considering real non-uniform boundary conditions are founded.

透平与相邻部件间耦合所导致的非均匀边界会严重影响其性能和可靠性，掌握非均匀边界的影响机理并发展考虑其影响的设计方法具有重要的学术价值和应用前景。本研究针对气冷透平真实流动环境，发展能高效、定量评估任意形式非理想边界条件对性能影响机制的伴随边界敏感度理论，解决已有研究方法的代价与影响因素个数成正比的问题，为机理研究、设计优化和流动控制提供新的思路和手段。实验研究典型非均匀边界对多级气冷透平气动和传热的非定常影响及其对动叶气膜冷却的影响机制，并为理论验证和发展适用于透平环境的高精度湍流模拟方法提供依据。实验、伴随边界理论和高精度湍流模拟优势互补，厘清典型非均匀边界对气冷透平流热的影响机理和参数敏感性。基于伴随边界理论，把非理想边界条件纳入设计空间并发展高效变复杂度优化方法，探索削弱其不利影响及利用其改进性能的可行途径。通过本研究，为真实非理想边界条件影响下的气冷透平设计提供理论支撑和优化方法。

透平与相邻部件间耦合所导致的非均匀边界会严重影响其性能和可靠性，掌握非均匀边界的影响机理并发展考虑其影响的设计方法具有重要的学术价值和应用前景。本研究针对气冷透平真实流动环境，发展能高效、定量评估任意形式非理想边界条件对性能影响机制的伴随边界敏感度理论，解决已有研究方法的代价与影响因素个数成正比的问题，为机理研究、设计优化和流动控制提供新的思路和手段。主要研究内容包括：（1）发展伴随边界敏感度理论；（2）基于所发展的敏感度理论和实验测量、高精度湍流模拟方法研究气冷透平流动和冷却机理；（3）考虑非均匀边界条件下的透平优化。在本项目资助下，按照原定研究计划完成了所有研究内容并实现了预定研究目标。在项目执行期内，发表国际期刊SCI论文共27篇，国际会议论文11篇等，1篇会议论文获得优秀论文奖；授权发明专利1项、软件著作权5项；所形成的研究成果成功服务于3个重大型号研制，1项成果已经成功转化；培养和协助培养研究生7人，1人荣获北京市优秀毕业生和清华大学优秀毕业论文奖荣誉。