高超声速宽带多通道雷达模糊杂波抑制及微弱目标检测

This project will investigate on detecting weak moving target with hypersonic vehicle platform wideband multichannel radar. For synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and moving target indication, large bandwidth and long accumulation time will cause the scatter point range walking across range cells. In this case, the space-slow time-fast time three-dimensional processing is needed to suppress the ground clutter. Moreover, since the Doppler ambiguity times may be larger than the space freedom of the multichannel SAR for the very high platform speed, the clutter cannot be suppressed effectively. The project intends to utilize the idea of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar to increase hypersonic wideband multichannel radar space freedom, and adopt subspace transform based long coherent processing interval spatial time processing to realize the three dimensional clutter suppression and moving target detection. The research includes: (1)subspace transform based ambiguity clutter suppression algorithm for hypersonic vehicle wideband multichannel radar; (2) inhomogeneous ambiguity clutter suppression algorithm for hypersonic vehicle squint model system; (3) weak target detection method with target range and Doppler spread. In summary, these research results have theoretical guidance and application value in clutter suppression and moving target detection for hypersonic vehicle platform wideband multichannel radar.

本项目针对高超声速飞行器平台宽带多通道雷达探测微弱运动目标展开研究。对综合孔径雷达动目标检测来说，大发射带宽和长积累时间会使得运动目标和杂波在相参积累时间内存在距离走动，需要进行空间-慢时间-快时间三维处理抑制杂波，且由于平台超高速运动使得杂波多重模糊，甚至会超过多通道合成孔径雷达系统的空域自由度，此时无法有效实现模糊杂波抑制和运动目标检测。本项目拟借鉴多输入多输出雷达的思想增加系统通道自由度，采用子空间变换的长积累时间空时处理实现高速平台下的模糊杂波抑制和运动目标检测。研究内容包括：（1）基于子空间变换的超高速度雷达杂波抑制和解模糊方法；（2）高超声速平台前斜视非均匀模糊杂波抑制方法；（3）距离和多普勒双扩展微弱目标探测方法。本论文研究成果对高超声速飞行器平台宽带多通道雷达的杂波抑制和运动目标检测具有理论指导作用和应用价值。

本项目针对高超声速飞行器平台宽带多通道雷达探测地面运动目标展开研究。突破的关键技术包括：（1）提出了一种基于两步法的高超声速平台多通道SAR/GMTI方法，有效地保留了动目标能量；（2）提出了一种基于特征子空间自适应和差波束（EASDB）的高超声速平台多通道SAR-GMTI方法, 可以获得动目标精确的二维运动参数，降低了动目标的检测、成像和定位难度，同时，具有较低的算法复杂度和较高的鲁棒性。（3）提出了一种高超声速平台俯冲段大斜视多通道SAR/GMTI方法,可以准确地获取运动目标的二维速度，生成匹配的波束，减少目标能量损失。研究成果包括：（1）发表学术论文47篇；（2）申请国家发明专利7项；（3）培养硕士和博士研究生7人。本论文研究成果对高超声速飞行器平台多通道雷达的杂波抑制和运动目标检测具有理论指导作用和应用价值。