微波作用下碱式硫酸铝脱硫富液解吸机理及动力学研究

Improving Alkali aluminum sulfate (alkali aluminum) desulfurization rich liquid desorption rate and the desorption speed rate to reduce the cost of the alkali aluminum desorption method desulfurization regeneration agent and the desorption power, is the key to realize the application of circular industrialized. Based on the microwave theory, the chemical solutions away from reaction balance theory, the gas-liquid mass transfer desorption double membrane theory, the diffusion theory and the Henry’s law , with the combination of adopting the theoretical analysis , the model prediction and the experimental research , the project analyzes and studies the desorption mechanism and dynamics through the method of the microwave effect desorption, supplemented by adding oxygen barrier agent, combined with the desulfurization liquid composition determination and by means of the material balance. Besides, the project is going to derive the desorption capacity model, the desorption double membrane model and achieving the model prediction, establish dynamics equation of the sulfite oxidation inhibition, the desorption reaction and the desorption mass transfer speed rate ， clarify the quantitative relationship and the dependence rule of each factor in microwave desorption towards the desorption rate, the desorption speed rate, the desorption energy consumption as well as the desulfurization liquid regeneration performance . Furthermore, the project is planned to reveal the microwave effect , choose the oxygen barrier agent and the best microwave power, determine the speed rate controlling step of alkali aluminum desorption general process under the multiphase condition, obtain the optimum process conditions of the dynamic cycle desulfurization of desorption system and overall , provide the strong theoretical and practical support for industrial design of alkali aluminum desorption desulfurization under the microwave effect.

提高碱式硫酸铝（碱铝）脱硫富液解吸率、解吸速率以降低碱铝解吸法脱硫再生药剂成本、解吸动力成本，是实现该法循环脱硫工业化应用的关键。本项目以微波作用为解吸手段，辅以添加阻氧剂，以微波理论、化学解离反应平衡理论以及气液传质解吸双膜理论、扩散理论、亨利定律为基础，结合脱硫液成分测定，通过物料衡算，采用理论分析、模型预测、实验研究相结合的方法进行解吸机理及动力学研究。推导解吸容量模型、解吸双膜模型并实现模型预测，建立亚硫酸根抑制氧化、解吸反应以及解吸传质速率动力学方程，明确微波解吸各因素对解吸率、解吸速率、解吸能耗以及脱硫液再生性能影响的定量关系和依存规律，揭示微波效应并选择阻氧剂及最佳微波功率，确定多相条件下碱铝解吸总过程速率控制步骤，得到动态循环脱硫-解吸系统的最优工艺条件，为微波作用碱铝解吸脱硫工业设计提供有力的理论与实际支撑。

本项目以碱式硫酸铝（碱铝）为脱硫溶液，以微波作用为主要解吸手段，采用理论分析、数值模拟和实验研究相结合的方法，系统地开展了碱铝解吸法脱硫技术中主要参数对脱硫、微波解吸机理与解吸性能研究。明确了最佳碱铝浓度、脱硫温度以及解吸温度范围，建立了脱硫、解吸反应动力学方程，揭示了SO2解吸的化学物理效应；建立了基于双膜理论的SO2解吸传质速率模型，从微观层面揭示了解吸扩散传质的控制因素和定量关系，掌握了解吸反应机理与物理传质机理，发现物理扰动对于解吸率、解吸速率以及传质性能有明显地促进作用；提出了一种基于微波温度场与解吸性能数学模型相耦合的ANSYS数值模拟研究方法，实现了微波SO2解吸热效应从微波综合效应的有效分离，从宏观和微观层面揭示了微波解吸的非热效应；得到微波功率、解吸温度、解吸压力、解吸时间、SO2初始浓度、阻氧剂等对解吸性能的影响规律，掌握了循环脱硫-微波解吸的最优工艺匹配条件。以上研究表明，微波的重要价值在于加强了解吸反应进行深度，能够大幅缩短解吸时间，对工业应用中降低药剂再生成本、解吸动力成本具有重要的理论指导意义和实验支撑。