神经激肽B（NKB）及其受体调控家鸡促性腺激素分泌与合成的机理初探

Neurokinin B (NKB) is recently known to play a critical role in reproduction by activating tachykinin receptor 3 (TACR3) in mammals . The reproduction regulatory is mediated by controlling the release of gonadotropin. However, few study is focus on NKB and TACR3 of birds. Chicken is not only as an animal model for birds, but also an important economic animal. So using chicken as an experimental model, our present study aims to: 1) clone the full-length cDNA of cTAC3 ; 2) investigate the biological activities of cNKB and cTACR3, as well as their signal transduction pathways in cultured eukaryotic cells by using pGL3-CRE/SRE-luciferase reporter system; 3) examine the tissues distribution of cNKB/cTACR3 and their expression in hypothalamus and pituitary at different development stages of chickens, as well as the location of TACR3 in hypothalamus and pituitary; 4) investigate the direct regulation of gonadotropin (FSH and LH) release, as well as synthesis in cultured chicken pituitary cells treated by cNKB; 5) investigate the synthesis and release of GnRH-I, LH and FSH in chickens after intravenous injection of NKB. Our study will not only help to elucidate the roles of NKB via TACR3 in controlling reproduction of chickens, but also provide critical insights into their conserved actions during vertebrate evolution.

近期研究表明：在哺乳动物中，神经激肽B（NKB）作用于其受体TACR3，调节促性腺激素的分泌，进而对生殖系统有重要的调控作用。而相关研究在鸟类中欠缺，家鸡是鸟类模式动物，亦是重要的经济动物。本研究拟以家鸡为模型，开展以下研究：1）克隆鉴定编码家鸡NKB的基因cTAC3 ；2）利用荧光素酶报告基因系统，在细胞系中探究cNKB与cTACR3的功能；3）探究TAC3/TACR3在家鸡组织中的表达分布，及其在不同生长发育期家鸡下丘脑和垂体中的时间表达图谱，并对TACR3在下丘脑和垂体中定位；4）利用家鸡原代垂体细胞培养体系，探究NKB对垂体分泌和合成促性腺激素（LH和FSH）的调节作用及其分子作用机理；5）在个体水平上，探究静脉注射NKB对家鸡GnRH-I、LH及FSH合成与分泌的调控；本研究为探究NKB-TACR3对家鸡繁殖性能的影响奠定基础，同时，也为揭示其在脊椎动物中保守功能提供线索。