基于表面增强拉曼光谱技术快速检测水产品中痕量多残留渔药的研究

The illegal use of fish drugs in aquaculture practice has become one of the major safety issues，and sensitive and rapid methods for detection of these drugs in aquatic food products are much needed. The objective of this study is to combine surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with nanosubstrates and chemometrics to rapidly analyze trace amounts of prohibited or restricted antibiotics(including nitrofurans and fluoroquinolones) and industrial dyes (including malachite green and crystal violet) that are commonly found in fish products (such as shrimps and eels). The study will provide a basic understanding of the SERS spectral features of the tested fish drugs as affected by the types of nanosubstrates, sample preparation methods,testing parameters and other factors during spectral collection.In addition to characterizing the spectral features of the tested fish drugs, chemometric models will be developed to establish mathematical relationship between the spectral information and the drug concentrations in fish products. A rapid method based on SERS technology and chemometrics will be developed for analyses of trace amounts of multiple drugs in fish products with detection limits of 0.5-1 ppb and 20-50 ppb, or lower, for prohibited and restricted fish drugs, respectively.

渔用药物的滥用是我国水产品安全问题的焦点之一，研发快速、准确的方法检测水产品中禁用或限用渔药残留是加强对水产品监控急需解决的问题。本项目以水产品（如鳗鱼和南美白对虾）中常见的禁用或限用的抗生素（包括硝基呋喃类和氟喹诺酮类药物）和工业染料类渔药（包括孔雀石绿和结晶紫）为研究对象，基于表面增强拉曼（SERS）技术、运用纳米粒子体系和化学计量学方法，研究不同纳米基底、不同光谱采集条件及不同样品前处理对被分析渔药SERS光谱信息的影响机理，识别各种渔药在不同纳米基底上所表现出来的SERS光谱特征，建立光谱信息与被测渔药含量的化学计量学模型，通过优化各种测试条件和光谱数据分析方法，达到快速、同时检测水产品中多种痕量禁用或限用渔药的目的，对禁用和限用渔药的检出限将分别达到0.5-1 ppb和20-50 ppb或更低，以满足目前相关国际标准对渔药检出限的要求。

渔用药物的滥用是我国水产品安全问题的焦点之一，研发快速、准确的方法检测水产品中禁用渔药残留是加强对水产品监控急需解决的问题。本项目以水产品（罗非鱼）中常被检出的禁用工业染料类渔药（如孔雀石绿、结晶紫和亚甲基蓝）为研究对象，基于表面增强拉曼（Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy，SERS）技术、运用纳米粒子体系和化学计量学方法，研究不同纳米基底、不同光谱采集条件及不同样品前处理对被分析渔药SERS光谱信息的影响机理，识别各种渔药在不同纳米基底上所表现出来的SERS光谱特征，建立光谱信息与被测渔药含量的化学计量学模型。通过对光谱采集条件的优化及纳米基底的选择和优化，采用表面修饰金纳米颗粒基底进一步对实际鱼肉中孔雀石绿和隐性孔雀石绿进行了检测研究，结果表明鱼肉中孔雀石绿及其代谢物残留最低检出可达1 ng/g，PLS预测模型中预测值与实际值的线性R2达到0.98以上。结晶紫标准溶液和提取样品的SERS检测研究，最低检出浓度分别为10 µg/kg和20 µg/kg，特征峰强度与浓度相关性R2高于0.936。对鱼肉中亚甲基蓝的SERS进行探索性研究，最低检测浓度为5 ng/mL。对3种工业染料类渔药的SERS采用新型的表面增强拉曼光谱技术用于定性和定量分析研究，显示出SERS被用于复杂水产品基质中痕量渔药残留快速检测的具有巨大潜力，项目的开展为水产品监控和质量安全快速检测提供新的技术支持。