污水生物处理中微生物类溶解性有机氮的生成特征与优化控制研究

The effective control of microorganism-derived dissolved organic nitrogen (mDON) and its bioavailable characteristic components during the biological treatment is important to reduce the impact of organic nitrogen on effluent quality. This project focuses on the mDON in biological wastewater treatment, and makes a thorough study on the formation characteristics of mDON under different operating parameters. The correlation between mDON components and bioavailability are studied by using the ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry, with the purpose of identifying the bioavailable characteristic components of mDON at the molecular level. With the results achieved from the experiment, univariate and multivariate experiments are applied to systematically study the comprehensive effect of different operating parameters on mDON content and bioavailable characteristic components. The response of the concentrations and its bioavailable characteristic components to the change of important operating parameters are studied. In addition, the indicator microorganism indexes in this process are identified. Based on the above results, methods of controlling mDON content and its bioavailable characteristic components by optimizing important operating parameters and regulating microbial properties are studied. The results can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the effective control of the effluent mDON, which is of practical significance for solving the problem of urban sewage water quality.

生物处理段微生物类溶解性有机氮(microorganism-derived dissolved organic nitrogen, mDON)及其生物有效性特征组分的有效控制是降低污水有机氮对出水水质影响的关键。本项目拟以污水生物处理中mDON为研究对象，深入研究不同运行参数下mDON的生成特征：利用超高分辨率质谱从分子层面解析mDON组分与生物有效性的关联效应，辨析出mDON生物有效性特征组分；在此基础上采用单因素和多因素实验，系统研究不同运行参数对mDON含量及生物有效性特征组分的综合影响，掌握mDON含量及生物有效性特征组分对不同运行参数变化的响应规律及其产生相关的指示微生物特性。基于以上研究结果，通过优化运行参数和添加外源物质探究mDON含量及生物有效性特征组分的控制方法。实验结果能为污水mDON的有效性控制提供理论依据和参考，对解决城市污水水质问题具有现实意义。

污水微生物类溶解性有机氮(mDON)及其生物有效性特征组分的控制对提升污水厂出水水质具有重要意义。本项目以污水生物处理中mDON为研究对象，建立了污水生物处理中mDON生物有效性生物培养测定方法，揭示了mDON组分与生物有效性的关联效应，发现加权氢碳比(H/Cwa)、加权等效双键数(DBEwa)等7项指标及分子特征具有生物有效性强相关性；获得了运行参数（温度、碳氮比等）对mDON及其生物有效性特征组分的影响特征以及微生物变化规律。基于以上研究结果，开发了通过优化运行参数和添加外源物质（碳源和钙离子）实现mDON含量及生物有效性特征组分的控制方法，mDON去除率可提高30%以上。项目执行期间负责人新增主持国家自然科学基金面上项目1项；发表英文论文8篇，其中一作论文7篇，包括3篇Water Research、2篇封面文章；申请美国等发明专利4项，已授权3项；申请授权软件著作权2项；成果获日内瓦国际发明展金奖等。