转子磁分路混合励磁电机变频交流起动/发电技术的基础研究

Variable Frequency(VF) AC starter/generator system stands for the developing trend of the AC power system of more-electric aircraft. The brushless electrical excitation synchronous machine is widely used in the aircraft power system. However, due to less reliability and the difficuties of reversible operation of the rotating rectifier in VF application, it can hardly adapt to the VFAC power system. This project aims to break through the constraint of axial magnetic path in stator of hybrid excitation machine(HEM) and systematacially solve the problems of non-sinusoidal voltage waveforms, field weakening protection, as well as brushless. Starter/generator technology of a new HEM for VFAC power system is proposed and investigated. The project focuses on presenting a new topology of HEM, especially, the axial non-uniform air-gap HEM, and studying the field regulation characteristics to put forward a brushless HEM, which can be reliably flux weakened. Based on electromagnetic field analysis coupled with external circuit, the power balance in generator mode and motor mode, voltage waveforms, and loss distribution are studied to obtain the rules of HEM about the integration of starter and generator. The coordination and control strategy of armature current and field current in motor mode, and the method of voltage regulation with load current feedback in generator mode are introduced. Furthermore, a fast simulation model of the starter/generator system will be established and the experimental verification will be performed.The research achievements will make a good foundation for developing the innovative starter-generator technology of airplane VFAC power system.

变频交流与起动发电一体化是多电飞机交流主电源的发展趋势。目前飞机电源系统中，电励磁无刷同步电机因其旋转整流器在宽转速变频状态下可靠性差、可逆运行困难，难以适应变频交流电源系统发展需求。本项目突破混合励磁电机定子轴向磁路约束，系统解决混合励磁电机电势非正弦、灭磁困难和无刷化等基本问题，研究飞机变频交流电源新型混合励磁电机起动发电技术：提出并发展一族转子磁分路混合励磁结构拓扑，特别是能可靠灭磁的轴向非均匀气隙形式，研究其磁场分布和调节特性；通过多物理场耦合分析，研究混合励磁电机在电动和发电状态下功率平衡关系、电势波形和损耗分布等，获取正弦波混合励磁电机的起动发电一体化设计规律；进一步提出起动状态下电枢电流和励磁电流分区协调控制策略，以及发电状态引入负载电流反馈的电压调节方法；建立起动发电系统快速仿真模型，构建实验平台并完成实验验证，为实现自主创新的飞机变频交流起动发电技术打下理论和实践基础。

本项目在前期已提出新型转子磁分路混合励磁同步电机结构拓扑的基础上，突破混合励磁电机定子轴向磁路约束，系统解决混合励磁电机电势非正弦、灭磁困难和无刷化等基本问题，研究飞机变频交流电源新型混合励磁电机起动发电技术，为实现自主创新的飞机变频交流起动发电技术打下理论和实践基础。研究成果有助于促进转子磁分路混合励磁同步电机在航空电源驱动系统和新能源汽车驱动系统等领域的应用。.项目研究内容超额完成，主要包括：（1）在转子磁分路混合励磁同步电机结构拓扑基础上提出了双端、轴向附加气隙、轴向非均匀气隙和双端励磁内置式等结构拓扑，研究其磁场分布和调节特性；（2）通过多物理场耦合分析，研究混合励磁电机在电动和发电状态下功率平衡关系、电势波形和损耗分布等，获取正弦波混合励磁电机的起动发电一体化设计规律；（3）分析了转子磁分路混合励磁同步电机驱动系统弱磁控制策略、直轴电流弱磁控制策略、效率优化控制策略和最大转矩控制等策略，提出并分析了电流协调控制策略；（4）建立了起动发电系统快速仿真模型，构建了基于12kW和100kW转子磁分路混合励磁同步电机的起动发电系统实验平台并完成实验验证。.本项目培养研究生7名；发表（含录用）论文21篇，其中SCI收录8篇、EI收录20篇、ISTP收录6篇；申请国家发明专利5项（2项已授权）；获得软件著作权1项。