紫苏属植物进化与种群结构研究以及贵州紫苏资源遗传多样性评价

Perilla frutescens (L.) is an important oil crops for both medicinal and edible uses，possessing higher economic values. Guizhou province is one of the most widely distributed areas of Perilla germplasm resources. Genetic diversity of Perilla in Guizhou Province need to in-depth research and development. In the research, 200 Perilla resources form guizhou province and all world will be collected, and following research will be done: 1) The important economical and agronomy characters were investigated, and the phenotypic genetic diversity were analyzed; 2) The various molecule marker of Perilla were identified and developed; 3) Based on genotyping of molecule marker, the classification, origin and molecular genetic diversity of perllia were investigated; (4) Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis were used to research population structure and LD of perllia; 5) Based on phenotypic and molecular results, association analysis were used to preliminary confirm the molecule markers for gene/QTL of important agronomy traits. The significance of the research are: 1)Offered scientific evidence for evolution, classification, and genetic diversity of Perilla germplasm resources; 2) Provided the molecule markers for perllia research, and established the foundation for research of gene/QTL location of important agronomy traits. 3) Identified the evolution position and genetic diversity of Guizhou Perilla resources, which is important theoretical foundation for Perilla protection and development.

紫苏[Perilla frutescens (L.)]是我国重要的药食兼用型油料作物，经济价值较高。贵州省是紫苏属植物主要分布区域，资源多样性尚待开发及研究。本项目拟收集来自于贵州及国内外紫苏资源200余份，进行如下研究：1）调查重要的经济指标和农艺学性状，研究紫苏表型遗传多样性；2）鉴定和发展紫苏分子标记；3）运用标记对紫苏进行基因分型，了解紫苏的分类、起源和分子遗传多样性；4）开展连锁不平衡分析，调查群体的遗传结构和连锁不平衡程度; 5）结合栽培性状数据，开展关联作图，初步确定紫苏中控制重要农艺性状的基因/QTL的分子标记。本研究的意义：1)为解决紫苏属植物进化、分类与多样性类型等问题提供科学依据；2)为紫苏研究提供可应用的分子标记，并为紫苏重要农艺性状的基因/QTL定位研究奠定基础。3)明晰贵州紫苏在紫苏属植物中的进化地位及资源的遗传多样性，为贵州紫苏资源保护和开发提供理论支持。

紫苏是我国重要的药食兼用型油料作物，经济价值较高。贵州省是紫苏属植物主要分布区域，资源多样性尚待开发及研究。本项目共收集获得234份资源。完成两个试验点的材料种植，212份材料表型数据采集，及209份材料的产量相关数据采集及品质数据分析。目前发展SSR标记2563个，实验鉴定具有多态性标记57对。鉴定ISSR位点256个。通过材料基因分型，对紫苏种质资源的分类、群体遗传结构及分子遗传多样性进行研究。紫苏属植物可分为紫苏原变种P. frutescens var. frutescens及回回苏P. frutescens var. crispa两大类群，野生紫苏P. frutescens var. acuta涵盖在紫苏原变种。贵州资源材料涵盖紫苏属植物三个主要类群，以原变种数量居多，且原变种应为单起源。贵州资源材料在产量及品质性状上均呈现较大变异，多样性丰富，且在在单株产量，含油量及品种方面有明显优势。项目已完成合同规定指标，期间发表文章13篇，其中SCI 2篇。参加会议1项。达到结题标准。