基于资源分配的调度管理研究

With the rapid development of science and technology, the size of production/service is increasingly expanded and the consumption of resources is substantially increased. At the same time, the environment of production/service enterprises is more dynamic and uncertain. The resource constraints and real-time dynamic features in realistic scheduling process of enterprises make that the traditional scheduling methods are not suitable to solve these new scheduling problems. All these characteristics bring requirements on the scheduling management: how to make the best decisions on resource allocation and scheduling sequences in the environment of incomplete information and real-time, and based on which the actual production/service of enterprises can be arranged reasonably. The incomplete information and real-time can be described by online mode while the allocation of resources can be described by resource functions. The objective is to maximize production and resource efficiency. Therefore, the project of online scheduling with resource allocation is proposed. In this project, online scheduling models will be established for different machine environments and objective functions based on a variety of constraints (resources, learning effect, deterioration effects, etc.) as well as resource allocation models. Optimal online strategy for different online scheduling models will be designed and the performance of each strategy will also be evaluated. The theoretical results obtained will be modified and enhanced by relevant feedback from actual operations of enterprises and promoted in enterprises. The goal of this project is to fill the gaps between the existing scheduling theory and the actual operations of enterprises, thus assist the corporate decision-making of enterprises, enrich the existing scheduling theory, and enhance scheduling management level in China.

伴随科技迅速发展，生产/服务规模日益扩大，资源消耗大幅增加；同时，生产/服务企业所处环境也更加动态、不确定。企业实际调度过程的资源约束特性及实时动态特性凸显，传统调度优化方法难以解决此类考虑资源约束的实时调度问题，这对调度管理提出了新的要求：如何在不完全信息的实时环境下做出资源分配与调度优化的最佳决策，以合理安排企业生产/服务。不完全信息情况可以由在线模式来描述，资源分配情况可以由资源约束函数来描述，目标是企业生产及资源效率最大化。因此，本项目拟研究在线环境下带有资源约束的调度管理问题，并进一步考虑企业运作存在的多种约束因素（如资源、人员学习效应、任务恶化效应等）。针对不同机器环境和目标函数，分别建立在线调度模型并设计和评价在线策略。通过企业实际运作信息反馈，修正与完善所取得成果，并应用推广。本研究旨在改变现有调度研究与实际脱节的局面，辅助企业决策，丰富现有调度理论，提升我国调度管理水平。

本项目根据企业实际调度过程中存在的多种新调度特性（如资源约束、人员学习效应、任务恶化效应等）以及企业运作管理目标的多样性要求，提炼了资源分配函数以及综合考虑资源和调度效率的新多目标函数。主要研究了基于资源、机器特性及人因特性的两类调度模型：单机调度模型与平行机调度模型。着重讨论了决策者如何做出资源分配与最优调度次序这一关键难点，并进行最优算法设计与性能分析、提出最优调度策略。同时，还对多任务调度管理问题这一极具现实意义的相关调度问题进行了拓展研究。本项目的主要意义是，从新的视角丰富现有调度理论，进而辅助企业进行调度决策。基于相应研究成果，共完成国际学术论文6篇，分别发表\审稿于国际知名学术期刊。