激光加载下非均质（模拟）炸药内冲击波与缺陷作用的原位实时诊断

To ensure the reliability and security of weapons, it is necessary to quantificationally predict the heterogeneous structure dynamic response, depend on the research of relativity between the the material dynamic response and its heterogeneous structure. In the previous research, it is common way through scanning the callback sample to get some information about the interaction between shock wave and the defect in heterogeneous material. It is difficult to infer the interaction mechanism between shock wave and the defect through the information which is not real-time..Consequently,We propose the technique using laser plasma x-ray source combined with the phase contrast imaging technique to perform the real-time in-situ diagnosing of the interaction between shock wave and the defect in heterogeneous material. Laser plasma x-ray source which have advantage on its short pulse, small focus and easy synchronization, combined with the phase contrast imaging technique which is edge-enhancing for the samples, is suit for getting the inward information of low Z material such as explosive, especially for real-time in-situ diagnosing the dynamic response of the defect in heterogeneous materials.In this way, we can get the distribution of the defect in the material and the image of shock wave front. Furthermore, the shock front variation propagating through the defects can be diagnosed. Based on this, we can analyse the mechanism of the interaction between shock wave and defect in heterogeneous materials, and provide data for modeling..

为确保武器的可靠性和安全性，需要通过炸药材料动态响应与其非均质结构的相关性研究来对炸药材料组分和非均质结构的动态响应进行量化预测。在以往研究中，通常采用对回收样品扫描的方式获得一些相关性信息，无法得到冲击波与缺陷相互作用的实时信息，难以解读冲击波与缺陷相互作用机理。.因此，本项目中提出利用激光驱动X射线源结合X光相衬成像技术，进行激光加载下非均质（模拟）炸药内冲击波与缺陷作用的原位实时诊断。激光驱动X射线源具有脉冲短、焦点小和易于同步的优点，结合相衬成像技术对目标边界有增强作用的特点，适合于炸药等低Z材料内部结构的诊断，尤其适合于低Z材料内部动态响应的原位实时诊断。通过获得材料内部缺陷的分布以及冲击波在材料中的波阵面图像，可以诊断冲击波在经过缺陷前后的波阵面变化。以此为基础，可进行冲击波与内部缺陷作用的相关物理分析，为理论建模提供数据支撑。

为确保武器的可靠性和安全性，需要通过炸药材料动态响应与其非均质结构的相关性研究来对炸药材料组分和非均质结构的动态响应进行量化预测。这就需要可以进行实时、原位测量的高分辨测试手段，直接观察冲击加载下炸药材料内部缺陷与冲击波阵面的相互作用，进而获得对冲击波阵面结构微观形成机理的认识。利用激光驱动X射线源结合X光相衬成像技术，进行激光加载下非均质（模拟）炸药内冲击波与缺陷作用的原位实时诊断。通过获得非均质（模拟）炸药材料中缺陷的分布以及冲击波在非均质（模拟）炸药材料中的波阵面图像，可以诊断冲击波在经过缺陷前后的波阵面变化。以此为基础，可进行冲击波与内部缺陷作用的相关物理分析，为理论建模提供数据支撑。本项目通过开展相关研究，初步掌握了激光加载下非均质（模拟）炸药内冲击波与缺陷作用的原位实时诊断关键技术。以此为基础，可进行冲击波与内部缺陷作用的相关物理分析，为理论建模提供数据支撑。.在项目研究过程中，发展了X射线相衬CT技术，该技术可获得样品内部缺陷的三维坐标，从而为动态实验结果的分析提供了重要依据。该技术还可应用于生物医学领域，用于乳腺疾病诊断以及小动物科学研究中。另外，对于关心的真实炸药，开展了炸药缺陷准静态扩展过程诊断研究。该研究采用X射线同轴相衬成像方法，获得了多个压力值下聚合物粘接炸药内部缺陷的一系列X射线相衬图像，从而可清楚观察到炸药内部缺陷从无到有、从小到大的准静态扩展过程，为高能炸药热点形成机制的认识提供技术支持。