面齿轮-圆柱齿轮两次分流传动系统的均载设计方法研究

High speed, heavy load, light weight and high reliability are the requirements of helicopter transmission. Take the two split-torque gear transmission system with face gears and spur gears as the research object, the teeth matching conditions without interference of the system was discussed,and the phase angle between the gear pair and its adjusting method was studied. A three-dimensional dynamic model with multiple degrees of freedom for the split torque transmission system was developed, which included the flexional and torsional motions. The time-varying meshing stiffness, the elastic deformation of the bearings, torsional stiffness, backlashes, mesh errors and damping have been considered in the model. The dynamic response and the variation of load sharing characteristics of the transmission system were analysed.In order to further reveal the mapping relationship between the transmission system design parameters and dynamic response, and between the transmission system design parameters and load sharing, the sensitivity of parameters affecting the dynamic characteristics of the system, as well as the matching relationship between strength and flexibility of the elastic structures were studied. Using the theory of power flow, the dynamic transfer characteristic of the system was analyzed so as to optimize the configuration of the drive system, load distribution and reduce the dynamic load of the transmission system. Then the key technology to improve the load sharing was obtained. Through theoretical analysis and experiments, this paper established a design method of load sharing design of two split-torque gear transmission system with face gears and spur gears. Main Innovation: This paper has proposed a two split-torque gear transmission system with face gears and spur gears.This paper has proposed a design method for the parameters matching design and sensitivity parameters analysis of the gear split torque transmission system.This paper has proposed a design method to improve the loading sharing by the theory of power flow.

本项目紧密结合直升机对传动装置高速、重载、轻量化及高可靠性需求，以面齿轮-圆柱齿轮两次分流传动系统为研究对象，研究传动系统的无干涉配齿条件，齿轮副间的相位角及其调整方法；通过建立齿轮轮体柔性、啮合刚度、支承刚度、扭转刚度、齿测间隙和制造误差等诸多影响因素的动力学模型，分析传动系统的动态响应及均载特性的变化规律，研究影响系统动态特性的敏感性参数，以及弹性结构件的强度与柔度的匹配关系。结合功率流理论，分析系统的动力学传递特性，优化系统布局、载荷分布并降低传动系统动载荷，进而掌握提高传动系统均载性能的关键技术。通过理论与试验分析，掌握面齿轮-圆柱齿轮两次分流传动系统的均载设计方法。 主要创新：提出面齿轮-圆柱齿轮两次分流传动构型；提出弹性结构件的参数匹配设计及敏感性参数分析方法；提出采用功率流理论分析系统的动力学传递特性及提高均载性能的设计方法。

本项目紧密结合直升机对传动装置高速、重载、轻量化及高可靠性需求，以面齿轮-圆柱齿轮两次分流传动系统为研究对象，开展了分流传动系统的构型参数匹配、齿轮副相位关系及静力学均载、动力学及均载特性、影响均载性能的参数敏感性、振动能量传递途径及均载行为研究，并开展了相关的试验研究。获得了满足无干涉运转的四种配齿方法，以及圆柱齿轮和人字齿轮的相位角计算方法；建立了分流传动机构的参数优化目标函数，以体积最小为目标，开发了分流传动构型的参数优化设计软件；基于均载性能要求，建立了变形及误差影响的齿轮副间相位角、误差配置及其协调方法，以及刚度间的匹配设计方法；获得了刚度、误差等参数对均载性能影响的权重，给出了实际工程设计中的齿侧间隙分配方法；通过传动系统的动载荷系数以及均载系数的分析，获得了实现均载性能要求的设计方法；建立了表征影响动力学均载性能的数学模型，获得了影响分流传动系统均载性能的支撑刚度、扭转刚度、误差等的影响权重；建立了系统的整体导纳矩阵，获得了显著提升齿轮箱板吸振能力的设计方法；通过五轴数控机床以及编写的加工程序，获得了较高精度的面齿轮加工方法；开展了传动系统的试验研究，对比分析了不同扭转刚度的弹性扭力轴对均载性能的影响，以及理论分析数据与试验数据之间的误差，验证了理论方法的有效性。. 具有面齿轮-圆柱齿轮的功率分流传动构型，在直升机传动系统中具有广泛的应用前景，开展定轴轮系的功率分流传动构型研究，对提高直升机传动系统的功重比、可靠性和降低噪声污染，提升我国直升机传动系统的自主创新发展等具有重要的意义，能带来巨大的经济效益和社会效益。