可见-红外超连续谱光源眼损伤效应的理论分析与实验研究

Supercontinuum source is a new kind of artificial light source, having the peculiarity of both laser and traditional incoherent light source. Recently, the development of SC sources with super high luminance and super broadband spectrum leads to severe ocular damage potency. However, the ocular damage effects of have never been explored and no safety standard apply to SC source. In this project, both theoretical analysis and experimental study of ocular damage induced by all-fiber Vis-IR SC source will be conducted on rabbit and rhesus. Firstly, a theoretical method will be established for calculating the exposure dosage of SC source. Secondly, the corneal and retinal damage effects will be experimentally studied for 0.1s, 1s and 10s exposure durations. The damage thresholds will be determined and their relation to exposure duration will be analyzed. Thirdly, lasers suit for corneal and retinal damage will be chosen to study their damage effects under the same exposure condition as used for SC source. The damage thresholds will be determined and compared with those of SC source. Finally, based on experimental results, the applicability of laser safety standard and incoherent light safety standard for SC sources and whether the difference between the two standards can be smoothed over will be discussed. The pioneering study of this project will bridge the gap between laser and incoherent light damage effects. The results will provide both theoretical and experimental foundations for SC safety standards.

超连续谱(SC)光源是一种全新光源，兼具单色激光和宽谱非相干光源的优点。近年来超高亮、超宽谱SC光源的出现带来了巨大的眼损伤风险，然而目前损伤效应研究空白，无安全标准可依。本项目针对可见-红外SC光源(450-2300nm)，运用非相干光辐射危害研究的思想，借助激光眼损伤研究的方法，以恒河猴和青紫蓝灰兔为实验动物开展眼损伤效应的理论与实验研究：建立SC光源照射剂量学理论和实验技术；研究SC光源0.1s、1s、10s脉冲照射所致视网膜、角膜损伤效应，确定出损伤阈值并分析损伤规律；选择可致角膜、视网膜损伤的典型激光，研究与SC光源相同实验条件下的眼损伤效应，确定出损伤阈值并比较其差异；根据实验结果分析激光安全标准和非相干光安全标准对SC光源的适用性，并探讨两个标准的眼照射限值之间能否统一。本研究将开创光辐射损伤防护研究新方向，填补SC光源眼损伤研究空白，并为制定安全标准提供理论支撑和实验依据。

超连续谱(SC)光源是一种全新光源，兼具单色激光和宽谱非相干光源的优点。近年来超高亮、超宽谱SC光源的出现带来了巨大的眼损伤风险，然而目前损伤效应研究空白，无安全标准可依。本项目针对可见-红外SC光源开展眼损伤效应的理论与实验研究：引入“有效辐照量”作为衡量SC光源损伤效应的核心剂量学参数,依据国际非电离辐射防护委员会发布的激光安全指南和非相干光辐射安全指南确定视网膜与角膜损伤光谱加权函数，结合SC光源光谱强度分布、总功率、照射时间及光斑直径的精确测控，实现对“有效辐照量”的准确表征。选择SC光源420nm-750nm的可见光波段开展视网膜损伤效应研究，在0.1s、1s、10s照射时间和3mm角膜光斑直径下确定出青紫蓝灰兔视网膜损伤阈值能量为1.57mJ、12.1mJ、86.0mJ（相应的阈值有效能量分别为1.53mJ、11.8mJ、84.1mJ），损伤阈值ED50与照射时间t的依赖关系为t0.87。选择SC光源770-2500nm的红外光波段开展角膜损伤效应研究，在2s、10s照射时间和0.37mm角膜光斑直径下确定出新西兰白兔角膜损伤阈值分别为2100J/cm2和7400J/cm2（相应的最小有效辐照量分别为160J/cm2和660J/cm2），损伤阈值ED50与照射时间t的依赖关系为t0.79。为对比SC光源与激光眼损伤效应差异，选择532nm和1319nm激光分别进行视网膜和角膜损伤效应研究，532nm激光3mm光斑直径和0.1s照射时间下的视网膜损伤阈值为1.39mJ，与SC光源损伤阈值非常接近；1319nm激光2s和10s照射时间、2mm光斑直径下的角膜损伤阈值为156.3 J/cm2和311.1 J/cm2，与相同条件下SC光源按有效辐照量表征的角膜损伤阈值差别不大。非相干光安全标准与激光安全标准规定的MPE值对SC光源视网膜损伤防护均适用,但对于角膜损伤防护均偏保守。我们关于SC光源眼损伤效应研究结果提示这两个标准MPE值最终会趋向统一。本研究填补了SC光源眼损伤研究空白，并为制定安全标准提供实验依据。