基于柱芳烃的金属超分子聚合物材料的构筑及其应用研究

Supramolecular polymers, constructed by molecules with low-molecular-weight based on reversible noncovalent interactions, are an elegant combination of supramolecular chemistry and polymer science, endowing them with excellent properties and high potential in practical applications. As a kind of supramolecular polymers, metallosupramolecular polymers not only show distinct and interesting supramolecular polymeric properties, but also possess additional features and functions, introduced by the metal centers: catalytic property, photosensitivity, conductivity, bioactivity, molecular magnetism, and so on. Host−guest interactions are widely applied in the fabrication of various supramolecular polymeric materials. As a new class of host macrocycles, pillararenes have displayed interesting host−guest properties with various guest molecules, because of their special rigid symmetrical structure and electron-donating cavities. Their facile syntheses and easy functionalization property provided a useful and appealing way to prepare supramolecular polymeric materials in large scale. Metal coordination is strong, directional, and highly versatile driving forces, playing important roles in the fabrication of metal organic frameworks, metal-ligand complexes and so on. Based on their own special properties, host−guest interaction and metal coordination are combined to construct a series of metallosupramolecular polymers with different topological structure and functionality by cooperative interaction. These results will enrich the field of metallosupramolecular polymer and will expand the application in functional metallosupramolecular polymeric materials of pillararenes.

超分子聚合物是超分子科学与高分子科学结合的产物，是通过非共价键作用将单体连接起来的聚集体，具有优越的性能和广阔的应用前景。金属超分子聚合物不仅具有超分子聚合物的优越性质，而且具有金属特有的催化、光敏性、导电性、生物活性、磁性等性质。主客体相互作用被广泛用于制备结构和功能各异的超分子聚合物材料，柱芳烃作为新一代大环主体，特殊的刚性对称结构赋予了其独特的主客体化学特性，且其合成简单、廉价易得以及易于功能化修饰等特点使得以其为构筑基元的超分子聚合物可以大量制备。金属配位键具有高度的方向性和高键合能力等特点，被广泛应用于制备金属有机骨架材料、金属配位化合物等。利用以上各自优点，我们将金属配位键引入到柱芳烃的主客体体系之中，通过协同作用构筑不同拓扑结构的金属超分子聚合物，丰富金属超分子聚合物体系，并探索其在催化及检测等方面的应用，拓展柱芳烃在功能性金属超分子聚合物材料领域的应用。

超分子聚合物是超分子科学与高分子科学结合的产物，是通过非共价键作用将单体连接起 来的聚集体，具有优越的性能和广阔的应用前景。金属超分子聚合物不仅具有超分子聚合物的 优越性质，而且具有金属特有的催化、光敏性、导电性、生物活性、磁性等性质。主客体相互作用被广泛用于制备结构和功能各异的超分子聚合物材料，柱芳烃作为新一代大环主体，特殊的对称的刚性结构赋予了其独特的主客体化学特性，且其合成简单、廉价易得以及易于功能化修饰等特点使得以其为构筑基元的超分子聚合物可以大量制备。金属配位键具有高度的方向性和高键合能力等特点，被广泛应用于制备金属有机骨架材料、金属配位化合物等。利用以上各自优点，我们将金属配位键引入到柱芳烃的主客体体系之中，通过协同作用构筑了不同拓扑结构的金属超分子聚合物，并探索了其在吸附、控制释放以及粘合剂等方面的应用。这些研究结果丰富了金属超分子聚合物体系，拓展了柱芳烃在功能性金属超分子聚合物材料领域的应用。