基于散射子多参数超声成像的肝肿瘤微波消融治疗实时监测新方法及系统研究

Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) has been applied in interventional treatment of hepatic tumors in the clinics. To monitor the formation and evolution of coagulation zones and transition zones in real time is the key to ensure therapeutic effect. At present, the ultrasound technique that allows real-time non-invasive monitoring of coagulation zones and transition zones during the MWA procedure is still lacking. Our previous study showed that the ultrasonic scatterer parameter (mean scatterer spacing) can detect in real time the change of coagulation zones in MWA. Thus, a hypothesis is proposed in this project that the ultrasonic scatterer multi-parameter (spacing, concentration, diameter, etc.) fusion imaging may improve the accuracy of detecting coagulation zones in MWA. The purpose of this project is to explore a new real-time ultrasonic method for monitoring coagulation zones and transition zones in MWA. The basic idea is to investigate the changes in tissue micro-structures under MWA-induced thermal effect using ultrasound backscattered signal analysis. In this project, the proposer and colleagues will detect scatterer property parameters, and explore associated parametric imaging algorithms; exploit a new real-time ultrasound technique for monitoring coagulation zones and transition zones based on changes in tissue micro-structures represented by scatterer property parameters; and develop a real-time MWA monitoring prototype system based on changes in tissue micro-structures. The prospective significance of this project is to provide a novel ultrasound-based real-time strategy for effective monitoring of tissue coagulation zones and transition zones by investigating MWA-induced alterations in tissue scatterer properties and associated parametric imaging. The expected findings of this project may improve the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided MWA treatments of hepatic tumors，thus having important clinical values and application prospect.

超声引导肝肿瘤介入微波热消融治疗已应用于临床，实时监测消融组织凝固区和过渡区的变化是治疗效果的保证，但目前临床上还没有术中超声实时精准监测方法。我们前期研究结果表明：微波消融组织超声散射子参数（平均间距）可实时检测凝固区的变化，从而推测如果采用超声散射子多参数（平均间距、浓度、直径等）融合成像定能提高微波消融凝固区的检测准确性。为此，本项目从微波加热效应下组织微结构（超声散射子）会发生变化这一理论根据出发，探索微波消融组织凝固区和过渡区超声实时监测新方法。研究微波消融组织超声散射子浓度、平均间距、直径等参数检测及成像算法；研究基于超声散射子多参数融合成像的微波热凝固区和过渡区实时检测新方法；基于该方法研制微波消融超声实时监测系统。本项目将从超声散射子多参数成像新角度、实现微波消融超声实时监测新方法，以期提高临床超声引导下肝肿瘤微波消融治疗的安全性和有效性，具有重要临床价值和应用前景。

本项目主要研究基于超声散射子多参数成像的肝肿瘤热消融治疗超声监测新方法及系统，目前已按期完成研究任务。在国内外核心期刊发表了13篇论文，其中SCI论文7篇、中文核心期刊论文6篇，申请7项国家发明专利（其中已获批3项），获批1项计算机软件著作权。通过本项目研究，培养了5名研究生，2名教师晋升为副高级职称。超声引导肝肿瘤介入热消融治疗已应用于临床，实时监测热消融凝固区的变化是治疗效果的保证。本项目从微波加热效应下组织微结构（超声散射子）会发生变化这一理论依据出发，探索肿瘤热消融凝固区超声实时监测新方法。研究了热消融组织超声散射子零差K参数、Nakagami参数、信息熵等参数检测及成像算法；研究了基于超声散射子多参数融合成像的热凝固区检测新方法；研制了肿瘤热消融超声实时监测系统样机。本项目研究成果为热消融超声无创监测提供了理论基础和应用条件。