抗稻褐飞虱主效基因Bph24(t)的图位克隆与抗性机理研究

Rice (Oryza sativa L.)is the main food crops in China, while brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most serious insect pests in rice production. Use of BPH resistance genes to breed resistant rice varieties is the most efficient method in the integrated control to the pest. For protection from lost of resistance by planting varieties with single BPH resistance gene in large scale, it is necessary to further exploit resistance gene sources and clone resistance genes with different resistance spectrum in order to breed new varieties with stabler and durabler resistance through gene recombination and reaction of different BPH resistance. Based on fine mapping of BPH resistance gene Bph24(t) and development of near-isogenic lines with different genetic backgrounds, the present proposal research program focus on further cloning the Bph24(t), expounding its biological function and resistance mechanism in molecule, cell and physiology aspects, understanding its insect-resistance effect under different genetic backgrounds and effect on plant growth and development, yield and other important traits. The study results will provide theoretical basis and gene source for rice breeder of the country to carry out molecular design and accumulation of multiple resistance genes of BPH resistance varieties.

水稻是我国最主要的粮食作物，褐飞虱是水稻生产中危害最严重的害虫之一，利用抗褐飞虱基因培育抗虫水稻品种是褐飞虱综合防控中最为经济有效的方法。为防范单基因抗褐飞虱品种大面积种植后出现抗性丧失问题，有必要进一步拓宽抗褐飞虱基因的材料来源，克隆出抗性谱不同的抗性基因，不同抗性基因间相互组合和作用，将会为新育成的水稻品种提供更加稳定和持久的抗性。在前期精细定位抗性基因Bph24(t)并在培育的不同遗传背景下的近等基因系基础上，本项目旨在进一步图位克隆抗性基因Bph24(t)，从分子、细胞、生理等方面初步阐明其生物学功能及抗性机理，明确其在不同遗传背景下的抗虫效果以及对水稻生长发育、产量和其他重要农艺性状的影响，为我国水稻育种界进行抗褐飞虱分子设计育种及抗褐飞虱多基因聚合育种提供理论依据和基因资源。