滴箭式地下滴灌对南疆枣树根系分布及生长发育的影响

Water resources are very scarce in South Xinjiang, jujube waste of water is serious by surface irrigation of jujube tree, and water after using drip irrigation due to moisture mainly distributed in the surface soil and seriously affect plant growth and development. With the continuous expansion of cultivated area in southern red dates, it is urgent to develop new water-saving irrigation techniques meet the water demand of jujube. Drop arrow is a kind of special underground drip irrigation technology, and using the same ground drip irrigation water distribution mode, easy construction and management, at the same time as subsurface drip irrigation, water will be directly transported to the deep roots around. This project is in the Akesu area jujube as the material, to make a systematic research on drop arrow suitable technology of underground drip irrigation mode and water management system. The test set for each tree in different quantity and different drop drop arrows arrows buried depth and different soil moisture control processing aspects of indicators, according to the different treatment movement and distribution, soil water and salt of jujube root distribution and water uptake in soil, analyse and study systematically as well as impact on jujube the upper part of the growth and the final yield and quality indexes, and provide a theoretical basis for the construction of Chinese jujube production in southern area of the underground drip drip irrigation and water technology model of China scientific management system.

南疆地区水资源十分紧缺，枣园采用地面灌溉浪费水严重，而采用滴灌供水后由于水分主要分布在表层土壤中，严重影响枣树的生长发育。随着南疆红枣种植面积的不断扩大，迫切需要研究开发满足枣园用水需求的节水灌溉新技术。滴箭式地下滴灌是一种特殊的灌溉技术，采用与地面滴灌相同的输配水模式，易于建设与管理，同时又可以像地下滴灌一样，将水分直接输送至深层根系周围。本项目即以阿克苏地区的枣园为材料，对滴箭式地下滴灌适宜的技术模式和用水管理体系进行较为系统的研究。试验设置每株树不同滴箭数量、不同滴箭埋设深度和不同土壤水分控制指标几个方面的处理，通过对不同处理下土壤水分和盐分的运移规律和分布状况、枣树根系在土层中的分布特征和吸水规律，以及对枣树地上部生长发育和最终产量、品质等判别指标的影响进行系统的分析研究，为构建适合南疆地区枣树生产的滴箭式地下滴灌技术模式和用水科学管理体系提供理论依据。

滴箭式地下滴灌是一种特殊的灌溉技术，采用与地面滴灌相同的输配水模式，同时又可以像地下滴灌一样，将水分直接输送至深层根系周围。本项目即以阿克苏地区的枣园为材料，对滴箭式地下滴灌适宜的技术模式和用水管理体系进行较为系统的研究。试验设置每株树不同滴箭埋设深度和不同土壤水分控制指标几个方面的处理，通过对不同处理下土壤水分和盐分的运移规律和分布状况、枣树根系在土层中的分布特征和吸水规律，以及对枣树地上部生长发育和最终产量、品质等判别指标的影响进行系统的分析研究。通过室内土柱试验，采用滴头埋深T1(0cm)、T2(10cm)与T3(15cm)三个处理，单因素比较分析在不同滴头埋深条件下，土壤湿润体内部质量含水量及电导率的空间分布规律。为探明插入式地下滴灌对土壤入渗与水盐分布的影响，通过室内土柱试验，比较分析不同滴头流量与滴箭埋深，对土壤湿润峰、入渗速率、湿润体内部土壤质量含水量及电导率的影响规律。