生态系统服务供给与需求的空间耦合特征研究

Ecosystem service is one of the hot issues regarding sustainable development. With the increasing requirements on environmental protection and management, policymakers hope to incorporate ecological service information into decision-making and consultation. Due to limitation of theory and research methods, how to accurately evaluate ecosystem services, how to extract key ecosystem services to decision-makers and to link various stakeholders’ demand, is still the research difficulties in this field. Combined with field survey and GIS spatial simulation technology, this proposal choose Shanghai Municipality and Nujiang river basin as two case studies, (1) to distinguish ecosystem service potential supply, actual supply (flow) and demand based on the process and mechanism of ecosystem service generation and delivery; (2) to build concrete index system and measurement models for each service types; (3) to reveal spatial characteristics of service supply and demand for regional ecological environment management in order to provide a scientific basis for policy-making; and (4) to propose supply and demand ratio, as well as supply rate which provided a mean for the status comparison of natural capital among regions.

生态系统服务是当前可持续科学研究的热点之一。随着环境保护与管理需求的不断增加，政策制定者希望将生态服务信息更多的融入决策咨询之中。由于理论的不确定性和研究方法的局限性，如何准确的评价生态服务，如何考虑不同利益相关者的需求，提取重要的生态服务信息给决策者参考，仍然是当前生态服务科学领域研究的难点。本项目拟以上海市和怒江流域作为对比研究对象，结合实地问卷调查和GIS空间模拟技术，基于生态服务产生、传递和消耗的过程，区分生态服务的潜在供给、实际供给和人类实际需求，构建具体的指标体系与计量模型，揭示生态服务供给与需求的空间耦合特征，为区域生态环境管理和政策制定提供科学依据；提出生态服务的供需比和供给率，为区域间自然资本的比较提供一种方法。

生态系统服务是当前可持续科学研究的热点之一。随着环境保护与管理需求的不断增加，政策制定者希望将生态服务信息更多的融入决策咨询之中。由于理论的不确定性和研究方法的局限性，如何准确的评价生态服务，如何考虑不同利益相关者的需求，提取重要的生态服务信息给决策者参考，仍然是当前生态服务科学领域研究的难点。本项目以上海市和白洋淀流域作为对比研究对象，结合实地问卷调查和GIS空间模拟技术，基于生态服务产生、传递和消耗的过程，区分了生态服务的潜在供给、实际供给和人类实际需求，构建了具体的指标体系与计量模型，揭示了生态服务供给与需求的空间耦合特征，为区域生态环境管理和政策制定提供了科学依据；提出了生态服务的供需比和供给率，为区域间自然资本的比较提供了一种方法。