基于凝胶电解质体系的仿生纳米通道可控构筑及离子输运研究

Bio-inspired solid-state nanochannel materials for controllable ion transport have attracted extensive attention in recent years due to their broad potentials in signal transmission and directional mass transport fields. Responding to external stimuli, such as light, molecules, and ions etc., the bioinspired nanochannel realizing the controllable mass transport in nanoconfined space is a key issue in this field. It is reported that gel materials could promote ion transport and increase the cycle stability of the electrochemical electrodes. However, some important fundamental issues, such as the ion transport in gel, especially the mechanism of the ion transport in confined gel electrolytes and how the confined structures and gel structures affecting the ion transport, are still unclear. Thus, based on our previous research on controllable mass transport through bioinspired nanochannels in aqueous systems, we will build functional nanochannels with gel electrolytes for controllable mass transport in this project. The one-dimensional nanochannels with tunable channel size and surface physical chemistry properties are employed as the nanoconfined frame. We also design and synthesize the functional gels for building the smart nanochannel/gel system. Based on the stimuli-responsive ion transport behaviour, the rule of mass transport through the nanochannel/gel matrix could be obtained. The current applicant will extract the effects of the confined space and the matrix in nanochannel on the mass translocation, which could provide the fundamental understanding for the solid state bioinspired nanofluidics in controllable mass transport.

受自然启发的仿生人工固态纳米通道在信号传递、定向物质传输等领域展现出广泛的应用价值，引起科学工作者的研究兴趣。其中，仿生纳米通道在外界刺激作用下，实现对限域空间内物质的可控输运是研究重点。凝胶材料能提升离子在纳米电极材料中的传输性能，增加循环稳定性。然而，离子在凝胶中的传输行为，特别是离子在限域凝胶电解质中的输运机制以及限域结构与凝胶结构如何影响离子传输等重要基本问题仍不清楚。因此，本项目拟在前期研究基础上，开展在凝胶电解质体系仿生纳米通道中的离子传输研究。拟以具有尺寸、表面性质可控的一维纳米通道为框架，设计并制备功能凝胶材料，构建智能纳米通道/凝胶体系。通过研究不同外界刺激下，离子在纳米通道/凝胶体系中的输运行为，获得离子在限域凝胶体系中的输运规律。通过对该项目的实施，研究纳米通道限域空间与通道内基质材料对物质输运的影响规律，为固态智能纳流体系在物质可控输运应用提供研究。

生物离子通道能够实现对离子、分子的可控传输，是维持正常生理活动的重要组成部分。模仿生物离子通道，仿生人工固态纳米通道已经在能量转换、信号传递等领域展现出重要的应用价值。生物离子通道实际上处于一种类凝胶环境，这将是离子通道发挥高效物质传递及能量转换功能的重要因素之一。因此，本项目围绕限域凝胶电解质中的分子、离子输运的基本科学问题开展了一系列研究工作，包括：发展了适用于不同材料的非对称仿生纳米通道制备方法及修饰方法，构建了系列纳米通道/凝胶体系，通过研究体系中的离子传输规律及在外场调控下的离子输运行为，揭示了非对称限域通道结构、凝胶网络物理化学性质、通道表界面化学组成及外场刺激对纳米通道/凝胶体系中离子传输的调控机制，并进一步研究了纳米通道体系中以离子为载体的能量转换与信号传导应用。.基于本项目的研究成果，在国内外高水平学术期刊发表标注本项目资助的学术研究论文40篇，包括，CCS Chem. 2篇、Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2篇、Adv. Mater. 1篇、Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1篇等。通过本项目的实施，加深了对仿生纳米通道结构与离子可控传输性能间的构效关系理解，推进了限域凝胶电解质中离子可控传输在能源、离子基信号传递领域的研究。