罗霄山脉和武夷山脉陆生贝类分类、区系和物种多样性格局

Terrestrial mollusks include the partial species belonging to Prosobranchia and Pulmonata (Gastropoda: Mollusca), as a kind of soil animals which play an important function in the ecosystem. Because of their low migration rates, this group was considered a model organism for studying animal geography and patterns of biodiversity. Luoxiao and Wuyi Mountains are biodiversity hotspots and the refugium since tertiary period with ancient fauna. The terrestrial mollusk fauna in those areas is lack. The purpose of this grant is to discover and describe Terrestrial mollusk new taxa and endemic species by fauna survey in those areas, and improve China terrestrial mollusk fauna. Illuminate the status of species diversity patterns and key factors affecting the patterns by analyzing the relationship of terrestrial mollusks distribution and geographical factors and environmental factors in those areas. These results would provide scientific basis for the studies on formation mechanism and maintenance of biodiversity pattern.

陆生贝类是生活在陆地上的软体动物的统称，包括软体动物门腹足纲中前鳃亚纲（Prosobranchia）和肺螺亚纲（Pulmonata）的种类，作为重要的土壤动物，在生态系统中有重要功能。陆生贝类主动扩散能力有限，被认为是研究动物地理和生物多样性格局的模式生物。罗霄山脉和武夷山脉是中国生物多样性热点地区，是第三纪以来，生物区系的避难所，古老及特有成分多。该地区陆生贝类物种丰富，但对其物种分类、区系研究缺乏。本项研究拟通过系统调查该地区陆生贝类种类及区系，掌握其物种及分布状况，发现并描述新的分类单元和特有物种，完善中国陆生贝类区系；通过分析该地区陆生贝类分布与地理因素和环境因子的关系，阐明物种多样性格局现状，探讨影响多样性格局的重要因素，为研究区域生物多样性格局的形成和维护提供科学依据。

陆生贝类在生态系统中有重要功能。罗霄山脉和武夷山脉是中国生物多样性热点地区，陆生贝类物种丰富，但对其物种分类、区系研究缺乏。项目组于2017年至2020年对罗霄山脉和武夷山脉陆生贝类多样性作了系统调查，记录到罗霄山脉和武夷山脉陆生贝类2亚纲4目22科206种，其中江西新纪录42种。整理了中国果瓣螺属、弯螺属。应用扫描电镜观察了18种陆生贝类的齿舌的细微结构，建立了一套成熟的微小螺类齿舌剥制、清洗、展台、喷金和扫描电镜观察的方法。测定了30种陆生贝类的线粒体全基因组，分析了柄眼目和古扭舌类系统发育。基于分子系统学和形态学证据分析了长旋螺属（Amphidromus）分类问题。初步阐明了似蛹螺属（Pupoides）螺旋方向变异及其分类学意义。分析了江西陆生贝类beta多样性格局及驱动因素。发表论文5篇。这些工作为进一步完善我国陆生贝类区系和系统学提供重要基础资料。