MBR中电场辅助膜污染控制的镀镍导电膜制备及相关机制

Membrane modification is an important aspect of membrane fouling mitigation in MBR. The surface metallization of organic membrane by electroless plating can improve the membrane performance effectively, and provide the possibility for membrane fouling control with the assistance of an external electric field. However, the metal coating still needs to be optimized for improving its practicability in MBR. At the same time, the membrane fouling mechanisms of Ni plated membrane in the MBR are poorly understood. Based on the main factors of membrane fouling (such as membrane surface roughness, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and electrical conductivity), this project intends to explore the surface/interface chemical control strategies for regulating the filtration performance of nickel plated membrane. With the Ni plated membrane as cathode, the membrane fouling behaviors of the electric field assisted MBR will be studied. Based on the thermodynamic study of the membrane-foulant interface, the membrane fouling mechanism of the conductive membrane under the applied electric field will be evaluated quantitatively. On this basis, the preparation process of nickel plated membrane will be optimized, and the electric field assisted strategies for membrane fouling control of conductive membrane in MBR will be developed. This project propels the technology for significant guidance to the developing wastewater treatment, demonstrating the great scientific significance.

改进膜材料是减缓膜生物反应器（MBR）膜污染的重要途径。受表面金属化处理技术的启发，本项目提出采用化学镀镍法对有机分离膜进行表面金属化改性进而构建电场辅助膜污染控制策略的新思路。这一策略的实用化需要解决金属镀层优化和揭示其在MBR中的膜污染机制等关键问题。鉴于此，本项目拟基于膜表面粗糙度、亲/疏水性和导电性等主要膜污染因子，探索用于调控镀镍膜过滤性能的表界面化学调控策略，利用镀镍导电膜作为阴极，在外加电场的作用下研究其在MBR中的膜污染情况，并通过膜-污染物界面热力学研究，定量解析外加电场环境下导电膜的膜污染机制，进而优化镀镍导电膜的制备过程，构建MBR中基于电场辅助导电膜的膜污染控制策略。本项目的研究结果对促进高效污水处理技术的发展具有重要的科学意义。

膜污染是限制膜生物反应器在水处理中广泛应用的关键因素之一。鉴于主要膜污染物的表面荷负电特性，对商业有机膜进行导电改性，再采用加电过滤的方式可以有效解决这一限制问题。本项目提出基于化学镀镍法构建高性能导电膜的新策略。通过喷墨打印预处理技术引入、非贵金属表面活化剂筛选以及合金元素掺杂等方式优化这一表面金属化策略。探索表面金属化改性对改性膜的过滤性能和抗污染性的影响。探讨外加电场对改性膜减缓膜污染的内在机制。同时，为更好地理解和减轻膜污染，提出通过反向传播（BP）人工神经网络（ANN）和广义回归神经网络（GRNN）模型来量化MBR中与膜污染相关的界面能量。相关研究为包括膜生物反应器在内的膜法水处理技术发展提供新思路。