基于功能化的石墨烯氢气传感器的研究

Hydrogen sensor has important applications in modern industry, fuel cell, hydrogen storage and separation. In particular, with the development of hydrogen economy and the wide applications of hydrogen, it makes the existing hydrogen sensor can not meet the needs of industrial development. Therefore, it is very important to investigate high performance hydrogen sensor. This proposal will choose graphene as substrate and develop a new method to prepare functionalized composite with high surface area,good dispersion and homogeneity. Conducting polymer （such as polypyrrole）or semiconductive metal oxide (such as TiO2，SnO2)will be coated on the graphene surface. Subsequently, metal nanoparticles will be adsorbed on the composite. In this way, a three-layered graphene functional material will be obtained. Modern materials analysis methods will be enlisted to study the material structure and properties of functionalized graphene. The three-layered composite will be used as hydrogen-sensitive materials to design a new type of hydrogen sensor. The relationship between the resistance of the hydrogen-sensitive materials and hydrogen concentration will be examined and the mechanism of hydrogen sensing will be explored. The objective of this proposal aims to look for new type of hydrogen-sensitive materials and expect to obtain high stable and high selective hydrogen sensors with fast response by optimizing the structure of the composite and the procedure of the fabrication. This proposal will have great impact on high sensitive hydrogen sensor and provide a theoretical guidance for the design of the new hydrogen sensor.

氢气传感器在现代工业，燃料电池及氢的贮存和分离等方面有着重要的应用。尤其是随着氢经济的发展和氢应用的日益广泛，现有的氢气传感器已不能满足工业发展的需要，因此开发新型高性能的氢气传感器具有重要的意义。本申请项目将以石墨烯为研究对象，发展具有分散性好、比表面积大、尺寸均一的功能复合材料的制备方法。采用聚吡咯等导电聚合物或半导体金属氧化物（TiO2、SnO2等）对石墨烯进行包覆，然后吸附金属纳米粒子，得到三层结构的石墨烯复合材料。采用现代材料分析方法对复合材料的结构与性能进行研究，以功能化的石墨烯作为氢敏感材料，设计新型的氢气传感器，研究氢敏感材料的电阻变化和氢气浓度之间的相互关系，探索氢传感的机理，并通过优化组合复合材料的结构合成工艺，寻找性能优异的氢敏感材料。本研究将为开发响应快，灵敏度高，选择性好的氢气传感器提供理论依据和技术指导。

氢气传感器在现代工业，燃料电池及氢的贮存和分离等方面有着重要的应用。尤其是随着氢经济的发展和氢应用的日益广泛，现有的氢气传感器已不能满足工业发展的需要，因此开发新型高性能的氢气传感器具有重要的意义。本项目以石墨烯为研究对象，发展了具有分散性好、比表面积大、尺寸均一的功能复合材料的制备方法。采用聚吡咯等导电聚合物或半导体金属氧化物TiO2、对石墨烯进行包覆，然后吸附金属纳米粒子，得到三层结构的石墨烯复合材料。采用现代材料分析方法对复合材料的结构与性能进行了研究，以功能化的石墨烯作为氢敏感材料，设计了新型的氢气传感器，研究了氢敏感材料的电阻变化和氢气浓度之间的相互关系，探索氢传感的机理，并通过优化组合复合材料的结构合成工艺，得到性能优异的氢敏感材料。将Pd纳米粒子分散在TiO2纳米管上，制备的氢气传感器可以实现1%-5%氢气浓度的检测，并表现出良好的选择性和稳定性。制备了Pd纳米粒子掺杂的聚苯胺-石墨烯复合材料，用于氢气传感器的敏感材料，表现出良好的性能，最低的检测浓度为0.01%。以石墨烯为基体，复合聚吡咯纳米线，然后采用溶胶凝胶的方法复合TiO2纳米颗粒，所制备的三元复合材料对氢气不敏感，但对氨气表现出良好的检测性能。本研究为开发响应快，灵敏度高，选择性好的氢气传感器提供理论依据和技术指导。在基金的资助下，发表论文15篇，其中被SCI收录13篇，申请专利2项，圆满完成任务。