典型药物颗粒输运管道内形成粉尘爆炸流场症候研究

Dust explosion accidents are on the rise in the recent years in pharmaceutical industry.The research shows that mixed drugs disasters have more frequently happened in transport pipe about dust explosion.The shock waves have had expanded into clean workshop that had damaged seriously environment and made property loss.The research is devoted to explore typical mixed particles law of motion,particle activating, transiting, moving and diffusing so on in transport process.The aim is searching for mixed dust explosive particles transmission rules,dust cloud structure evolution characteristics,gas flow condition and explosion impact strength mechanism,disaster trend kinetics,etc.For process safety, It is to study and solve gas and particle flow properties and mechanics problem from dust explosion,three aspects as follows:①Research on the law of explosion limit regional structure have been developed effectively and the rule of density field distribution been formed about mixed particles in transport pipe.②Investigation on dust explosion disaster evolution laws,conditions, characteristics and intensity effects model in air transport flow mode.③Put forward typical mixed dusts gas-particle disaster factors and model in transport pipe.

制药工业粉尘爆炸事故近年呈上升趋势。调查研究表明混合药物粉尘爆炸输运管道内发生次数较多，冲击波传播扩大到洁净车间从而造成严重环境破坏和人员财产损失。本课题致力于探索典型混合药粉输运过程中的颗粒物启动、跃迁，移动、弥散等运动规律，目标是解决输运过程中混合粉尘形成爆炸的颗粒传播、演化的粉尘云结构特征和输运气流致灾条件、爆炸强度影响、灾变趋势等动力学机制。剖析过程安全，研究和解决输运工艺中形成爆炸的气粒流动力学流态问题，具体在三个方面：①研究混合粉尘粒子在在输运管道内形成达到有效爆炸极限区域结构及粉尘云浓度场分布规律。②研究输运气流模式下的粉尘爆炸灾变演化条件、特征规律及强度影响模型。③研究典型混合粉尘在输运管道内的气固灾变因素及模型。

药物粉尘伴随工艺产生，药物粉尘爆炸具有普遍性和特殊性，本课题分别对克拉维酸钾和微晶纤维素、氟苯尼考和替米考星这两类单一药物粉尘的爆炸特性进行全面的系统研究，并对其爆炸性能进行比较和分析，并且提出计算模型；从粉尘的粒径分布、比表面积、热稳定性、形状及燃烧速度、起电性等多角度对其爆炸性能进行分析归纳、提炼，研究得出其影响因素及程度规律；应用改进的Hartmann管等实验设备就输运管道内环境特性对克拉维酸钾混合粉尘爆炸影响进行了系统研究，并研究得出了输运或工艺管道内粉尘含湿量、初始气流压力、气流温度、管道内含尘浓度对克拉维酸钾混合粉尘爆炸的影响关系，并结合工艺现场，分析研究结论较符合实际工况粉尘爆炸现场的特点；应用自行设计搭建的输运管道以及PIV粒子图像测试系统以及改进的Hartmann管测试装置，研究得出水平管道中卷吸、弱激波等不同产尘特点形成的粉尘云结构以及水平、垂直管道中的粉尘云燃烧爆炸特性。