高压环境下H2/CO添加剂对碳氢燃料扩散火焰中碳烟生成的影响及作用机制研究

It is important to understand the mechanism of soot formation under high pressure since most of the actual combustion equipment is operated under high pressure condition. Hydrogen and syngas are potential clean energy sources. The research on the effect of H2/CO on soot formation in hydrocarbon flames can improve the soot model and provide guidance for the control of particulate pollutants during the mixed combustion of hydrocarbon fuels. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism of soot formation in a hydrocarbon fuel diffusion flame with H2/CO additives under high pressure. Firstly, the laminar diffusion flame of ethylene with different additives under high pressure will be studied. The soot volume fraction and temperature distribution will be measured by optical method. At the same time, the numerical simulation of soot formation under high pressure will be carried out based on the detailed soot model. The formation and evolution of soot particles will be simulated by the method of moments. Based on the experimental and numerical results, the effects of pressure and additives on the formation of soot and its mechanism will be investigated. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of fuel and additive on soot formation in high pressure flames will be studied. This research project has important theoretical significance and practical value, it can deepen the understanding of soot formation process in hydrocarbon flames and provide theoretical guidance for prediction and control of soot formation in actual combustion equipment.

大多数实际燃烧设备是在高压下运行的，深入理解高压下的碳烟生成机理具有重要意义。氢气与合成气是很有潜力的清洁能源，研究H2/CO对碳氢火焰中碳烟生成的影响可以完善碳烟模型并为碳氢燃料掺混燃烧时的颗粒污染物控制提供指导。本项目旨在研究高压情况下伴有H2/CO添加剂的碳氢燃料扩散火焰中碳烟生成机理。首先以高压下的乙烯层流扩散火焰为研究对象，在不同添加剂的作用下，采用光学方法检测火焰中碳烟体积分数和温度分布；同时，基于详细机理开展高压下碳烟生成的数值研究，通过矩方法模拟碳烟颗粒的形成与演化过程；结合实验检测和数值模拟结果，探寻压力和添加剂变化对碳烟生成的影响规律和作用机理；进一步，改变燃料种类，考察燃料与添加剂的协同作用对高压火焰中碳烟生成的影响。本项目研究具有重要的理论意义和实用价值，可以加深对碳氢火焰中碳烟生成过程的理解并为实际燃烧设备中的碳烟形成预报与控制技术提供理论指导。

掌握碳氢燃料在不同压力及稀释剂条件下的燃烧特性和碳烟等污染物的生成特性具有重要意义，可为碳氢燃料的实际燃烧应用提供理论指导。本项目通过实验和数值模拟方法研究了不同压力下H2、CO、CO2等稀释剂对多种碳氢燃料扩散火焰温度、中间产物浓度分布、碳烟等污染物生成特性的影响。实验研究了H2/CO合成气同向轴对称扩散火焰在不同条件下的燃烧及污染物排放特性，并对合成气火焰进行了详细的数值模拟，探究了燃烧过程中的污染物生成机理。在高压燃烧实验台上开展了乙烯/空气层流扩散燃烧研究，探明了不同压力下多种添加剂对乙烯扩散火焰形貌、温度分布及碳烟体积分数分布的影响。采用了基于详细化学机理和物理过程的碳烟模型对碳氢燃料高压层流扩散火焰开展碳烟生成的数值计算，应用分区法模拟碳烟颗粒的动力学演化过程，获得火焰中温度、气相组分浓度、碳烟体积分数等参数的分布。进一步采用实验和数值模拟方法研究了甲烷、乙烷、丙烷等多种碳氢燃料的燃烧特性，揭示了不同燃料与添加剂条件下的碳烟生成机理。本项目研究结果具有很强的应用背景和科学意义，对于充分理解碳氢火焰中碳烟的形成机理以及降低燃烧装置中颗粒污染物的排放有着重要的理论意义和实用价值。