Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant vascular disorder characterized by severe and recurrent nosebleeds, mucocutaneous telangiectases, and visceral arteriovenous malformations. The average prevalence of HHT is 1/5000 to 1/8000. Epistaxis is always the first and most frequent manifestation of this disease. HHT telangiectases develop and get worse with age. Severe visceral arteriovenous malformations become more prevalent with age, and, in some cases, life-threatening complications including pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, high-output heart failure, cirrhosis, portal hypertension could be presented. Etiology analysis will contribute to the discovery of the disease pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and the prevention of serious complications. Previous studies indicated that about 85% of HHT was associated with mutations in ENG, ACVRLK1, SMAD4 and BMP9. The causal genes and mutations are variant in the different populations. In Chinese, the causal genes and the mutation spectrum are still unclear. In this project, we will screen all the exons of the reported genes associated with HHT and discover the mutation spectrum of these genes. Besides that, in the pedigrees without pathologic mutations, whole exome sequencing will be performed to discover the novel genes associated with HHT. We will find the mutation frequencies of all related genes and the hot spot/founder mutation in Chinese HHT patients. Based on the results above, we will design a cost-effective gene capture chip to analyze the etiology of HHT.
遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症是一种常染色体显性遗传的血管性疾病,发病率约为1/5000-8000,临床特征为反复出现的鼻出血,皮肤毛细血管扩张及内脏器官的动静脉畸形。鼻出血是最早出现且最常见的症状,随着年龄的增长,皮肤、粘膜和内脏器官症状逐渐出现,严重时可合并动静脉瘘,心力衰竭,肝硬化,胃肠道出血等症状,生命岌岌可危。病因学分析将有助于疾病致病机理的发现,临床诊疗及严重并发症的预防。研究显示,85%的遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症和ENG、ACVRLK1、SMAD4及BMP9基因的突变有关,不同种族致病基因及突变的频率和分布不尽相同。然而,我国遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症患者的致病基因及突变频率和分布尚无系统报道。本项目拟在中国遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症患者中行已知致病基因的筛查,在病因未明的家系中行新基因的鉴定,绘制中国人群遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症基因突变图谱,建立经济有效的病因学分析方案。
遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症是一种常染色体显性遗传的血管性疾病,发病率约为1/5000-8000,临床特征为反复出现的鼻出血,皮肤毛细血管扩张及内脏实质性器官的动静脉畸形。鼻出血是最早出现且最常见的症状,随着年龄的增长,皮肤、粘膜和内脏器官症状逐渐出现,严重时可合并动肺脏静脉瘘,心力衰竭,肝硬化,胃肠道出血等症状,生命岌岌可危。病因学分析将有助于疾病的的早期发现,早期明确进行分类诊断,早期预防严重并发症的发生。欧裔及北美人群研究表明,约85%的遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症和ENG、ACVRL1、SMAD4及BMP9基因的突变有关,不同种族致病基因及突变的频率和分布不尽相同。本研究收集了30例遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症家系,包括59名个体,包括临床诊断明确的遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症患者32名,疑似诊断患者10名,无症状个体17名。 对收集的所有个体的样本进行了遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症相关的ENG、ACVRL1、SMAD4及BMP9基因编码区进行了筛查,在73.3%的患者中发现了ACVRL1和ENG基因的致病突变。在22例遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症家系中发现了19种突变,包括12种ACVRL1基因突变(发现于15个无关家系)和7种ENG基因的突变(发现于7个无关家系)。15个家系的ACVRL1基因突变中,8个家系的突变位于该基因的exon8,约占53.3%。位于ACVRL1基因exon8的c.1232G>A和 c.1120C>T分别见于3个和2个无关家系。本研究发现中国遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症患者ACVRL1基因突变为主,是ENG基因突变的2倍多,ACVRL1基因的exon8是突变热点区域,c.1232G>A和 c.1120C>T是热点突变。该研究发现将有利于遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症基因筛查在临床及科研中的推广应用。将有利于疾病的早期明确诊断,避免误诊,早期明确病因,早期发现无症状携带者,预防严重并发症的发生。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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