信息中心网络中高性能命名包转发方法和体系结构研究

Information-centric networking (ICN) is one of the extremely significant and widely accepted promising areas for future Internet in technical aspects. The essence of ICN is to route and forward packets by their names, rather than IP addresses, since IP addresses are not compulsory in ICN. However, the speed/performance of the name-based packet forwarding becomes a bottleneck of further development of ICN architectures under the reason that name-based forwarding faces: a) a large-scale of forwarding rules of which the number is several order of magnitude larger than IP forwarding rules, and b) assorted definitions on packet names. ..Our work focuses on high performance designs of ICN's packet forwarding to support millions to billions of forwarding rules in terms of information-theoretical succinctness, efficiency and scalability, and will be carried out by presenting an overall research on related theories, approaches and architectures. Our research plans include: a) extensions of the prevalent theories for packet forwarding to name-based forwarding in ICN, b) high-speed software-oriented solutions, c) specific hardware architectures, and d) a consolidated criterion which evaluates the efficiency of different approaches to name-based packet forwarding, which could also shape theoretical boundaries of performances integrated with some theoretical analysis. Our work will also present real software and hardware implementations of.the proposed approaches, satisfying the requirements of some promising ICN architectures with popularity. The experiments can also show the differences between real results and theoretical boundaries of approaches...In summary, our work will facilitate the evolution of Internet in the direction of information-centric methodologies by presenting forwarding principles, approaches and implementations of high-speed name-based packet forwarding.

信息中心网络是未来互联网体系结构发展的重要方向之一，其本质是对命名数据包的路由和转发。然而，面临多样化的命名方案以及远比IP 路由表规模庞大的路由规则，命名网络包的转发速度成为了制约该体系结构在高速网络环境部署的重要瓶颈之一。本研究以支持百万到千亿规模路由规则的命名包转发为需求，以高性能为目标，从信息简洁性、存储有效性和可扩展性角度，研究适合命名包转发的相关机制、方法和体系结构。主要研究内容包括：网络包转发机制延伸及边界分析、命名包转发方法和数据结构优化、高速命名包转发硬件体系结构设计和用于评估命名包转发方法有效性的评价标准等。本研究拟结合主流信息中心网络体系结构的包转发需求，针对多种微体系结构，设计并实现适用于软件和硬件平台的高速包转发方法，探讨实际结果与理论界限的关系。预期研究成果将从包转发机理、软件方法和硬件体系结构等多方面支撑信息中心网络体系结构的发展。

本研究以支持信息中心网络中高性能命名包转发为主要研究目标，探索高效信息中心网络转发平面与体系架构，从转发结构、缓存方法、网内安全、应用架构、系统实现等五个方面开展研究，取得了一批重要结论及成果，包括：1）提出了一系列高性能命名包转发结构与方法，结合软硬件特征优化转发结构与算法，提出包括统一查询结构与方法、基于三态内容寻址存储的快速查询结构与方法等，构建了高性能命名包转发平面；2）提出了一套高效命名包缓存与缓存协同方案，大幅度提高信息中心网络数据获取效率；3）梳理并总结了现有命名包网内安全模型与攻防机理，建立了信息中心网络轻量级网内缓存自愈方案的基本框架；4）提出了一系列面向空天地新型应用的信息中心网络体系架构与命名包转发方法，涉及车联网、物联网、卫星网络、无人机组网四大应用方向；5）完成了信息中心网络系统搭建和相关典型应用实际部署，验证了所提出的高性能命名包转发方法和体系结构的效果。