不同参数低频脉冲电磁场对高原冻伤愈合影响的实验研究

In the plateau and frigid area, plateau frostbite is a kind of familiar wound. Unfortunately, the existing methods can't provide non-contact and deeper penetration treatment for frostbite, which usually lead to tissue necrosis. Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) are proved to promote tissue blood microcirculation and repair nerve injury effectively as a non-contact and penetration method for many wounds . In addition, our preliminary study also found that low frequency PEMF can promote blood circulation in frostbite tissue. Therefore, low frequency PEMF can affect plateau frostbite healing in theory. However, the effect of low frequency PEMF on plateau frostbite in unknown, furthermore, it is unclear how to select the optional parameter of PEMF to treat plateau frostbite according to the timing and intensity. On basis of the design and manufacture of high quality low frequency PEMF generator with continuous adjustable frequency, strength and duty ratio, the study plans to evaluate the effect of low frequency PEMF with different parameters on the plateau frostbite model of SD rats accurately by means of ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, immunohistochemistry, inflammatory mediators and electromyogram detection, and explore the optional physical parameter of low frequency PEMF in treating various degree of plateau frostbite. As a result, the study expects to achieve an effective, rapid, convenient and noninvasive method to treat plateau frostbite.

高海拔、高寒地区，高原冻伤是一种常见的创伤类型，现有治疗方法往往无法非接触、深层穿透治疗，易引发冻伤组织坏死。低频脉冲电磁场作为一种非接触、可穿透的方法，被证明在多种创伤修复中能够促进组织血液微循环、修复神经损伤，我们初步研究亦发现其能够促进冻伤组织血液循环，因而推测其能够影响高原冻伤愈合。然而低频脉冲电磁场对高原冻伤愈合的实际作用效果尚不清楚，更无法明确如何依据高原冻伤的时间和程度，选择最佳低频脉冲电磁场参数进行有效地治疗。本课题拟在研制电磁场频率、强度、占空比连续可调的高性能低频脉冲电磁场发生器基础上，通过超声及超声造影、炎性介质（IL-1β，IL-6，IL-8，TNF-α）检测、肌电检测、免疫组化等技术手段，准确评估不同参数低频脉冲电磁场对SD大鼠高原冻伤模型的治疗效果，探索低频脉冲电磁场治疗不同程度冻伤的最佳物理参数，以期获得有效、迅速、便捷、无创治疗高原冻伤的新方法。

高海拔、高寒地区，高原冻伤是一种常见的创伤类型，现有治疗方法往往无法非接触、深层穿透治疗，易引发冻伤组织坏死。低频脉冲电磁场作为一种非接触、可穿透的方法，被证明在多种创伤修复中能够促进组织血液微循环、修复神经损伤，我们初步研究亦发现其能够促进冻伤组织血液循环，因而推测其能够影响高原冻伤愈合。因此，本研究在研制了频率、强度、占空比连续可调的高性能低频脉冲电磁场发生器和成功建造SD大鼠不同程度高原冻伤模型的基础上，通过对伤口血液微循环恢复超声造影、伤口面积测量、病理观察、免疫组化等技术手段，对比评估不同参数低频脉冲电磁场对SD大鼠高原冻伤模型伤口愈合的影响效果。结果表明低频脉冲电磁场能有效的促进高原冻伤伤口血液微循环和血管网络的再生，能够加速伤口组织的修复，使高原冻伤伤口愈合时间相对无治疗组缩短约25%。研究证明一定参数低频脉冲电磁场非热生物效应能够有效的影响高原冻伤愈合，为发展一种迅速、便捷、无创高原冻伤治疗新方法奠定了坚实的理论实验基础。