动静态一体化干涉成像光谱偏振技术研究

As a novel principle, technology and scheme for acquiring multidimensional full optical information of the image, spectrum and polarization, the dynamic and static integration interference imaging spectropolarimetry (DSIIISP) is proposed in this project, which can obtain the high resolution image, high precision spectrum and full Stokes polarization information of the static or dynamic scenes by one shot or multi-shot measurements. The theoretical study includes the system imaging model together with the information separation and fusion algorithm. In the experiment, the influences of each device on the system performance are analyzed by the computer simulation, and verify the feasibility of the system performance by the optical experiment. DSIIISP can realize the dynamic and static model detection, and the static model without moving parts has some advantages of high reliability, real-time of channel modulation method and good environmental adaptability. The dynamic models can realize four different modes modulation for the incident Stokes spectrum and detect them, which does not need the channel filtering and has the accurate and avoiding spectrum aliasing features. This research integrates the strongpoints of the dynamic and static detection models and provides a novel method for the hardware realization of full optical information acquisition, which has important research value and broad application prospect in the biomedicine, space remote sensing, military reconnaissance, geological survey, atmospheric environment monitoring, agricultural and marine remote sensing and so on.

本项目提出一种图像、光谱、偏振态多维全光信息一体化获取的新原理、新技术、新方案——动静态一体化干涉成像光谱偏振技术，实现一次或者多次曝光的快照成像同时获取静态或者动态目标的高分辨率图像、高精度光谱和全Stokes偏振信息。在理论方面，主要研究系统成像模型、信息分离和融合算法；在实验方面，通过模拟实验分析各器件对系统性能的影响，通过光学实验验证系统性能的可行性。该技术可实现动静态模式的探测，静态模式无需运动部件具有高可靠性，且具有通道调制法实时性和良好的环境适应性等优点；动态模式对入射Stokes谱进行四种不同模式的调制并进行探测，无需进行通道滤波，具有精确、避免光谱混叠等显著特点。该项目研究集动、静态探测模式的优点于一身，为全光信息获取硬件化的实现提供了一种新方法，在生物医学、航天遥感、军事侦察、地质调查、大气环境监测、农业和海洋遥感等领域均具有重要的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。

瞄准国际高光谱、高分辨率成像技术发展趋势，探索新型成像体制存在诸多急待解决的挑战性问题，创立了一种可一次或者多次曝光的快照成像同时获取静态或者动态目标的高分辨率图像、高精度光谱和全Stokes偏振信息的动静态一体化干涉成像光谱偏振技术（DSIIISP）的新原理、新技术、新方法。依据DSIIISP 系统的成像模型、信息分离和融合算法，采用模拟实验和搭建光学实验平台，获得了目标的图像信息、光谱信息和偏振信息。开发了干涉图获取、光谱复原、偏振信息提取、多光谱彩色偏振图像合成的软件一套。该项目研究为对地观测以及陆地表层、大气、海洋探测等科学研究和工程应用提供必要的技术手段和先进的科学载荷，对促进国民经济建设、国防、国家安全和社会发展起到巨大的推动作用。全面超额完成了计划书的研究任务，实现了项目的总体目标。发表学术研究论文11篇（其中SCI收录8篇），撰写发明专利1项，培养研究生2名，本科生5名。