N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺接枝埃洛石纳米管增强环氧树脂复合材料的构筑及机理

Epoxy resin is a kind of thermosetting resin with excellent comprehensive properties, commonly used in the matrix of composite material, but the cured epoxy resin has a large brittleness, poor impact resistance and poor high temperature resistance, which limits its application in high-tech fields, by using the nano materials to modify epoxy resin is an effective way to improve its performance. The new natural nanomaterials halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as a reinforcing and toughening modifier, with N-substituted phenylmaleimide monomer as heat resistant modifier were used for modification of epoxy resin in this project. Specific research contents include: study on the method and mechanism of N-substituted phenylmaleimide grafting on the surface of HNTs, and preparation of a series of N-substituted phenylmaleimide grafted HNTs; Research on the mechanism of reinforcing and toughening and heat resistant modification of epoxy resin with different N-substituted phenylmaleimide monomer grafted HNTs, and screen out the better performance of composite materials by the performance comparison of modified epoxy resin. The project aims to reveal the mechanism of N-substituted phenylmaleimide grafting on the surface of HNTs and the law of performance of epoxy resin composite modified by different graft products, to lay the theoretical and technical basis for preparation of high-performance epoxy resin composite using HNTs and N-substituted phenylmaleimide.

环氧树脂是一种综合性能优异的热固性树脂，常用于复合材料的基体，但是环氧树脂固化物脆性大、耐冲击和耐高温性能差，限制了其在高新技术领域的应用，利用纳米材料对环氧树脂进行改性是改善其性能的有效途径。本项目利用新型天然纳米材料埃洛石纳米管（HNTs）作为强韧改性剂，以N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺类单体作为耐热改性剂对环氧树脂进行强韧耐热改性。具体研究内容包括：研究在HNTs表面接枝N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺类单体的方法和机理，制备一系列N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺类单体接枝的HNTs；研究不同的N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺类单体接枝的HNTs对环氧树脂的强韧耐热改性机理，并通过性能比较，筛选出性能较佳的复合材料。本项目旨在揭示N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺接枝HNTs机理以及不同接枝产物改性环氧树脂复合材料的性能规律，为利用HNTs和N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺制备高性能环氧树脂复合材料奠定理论和技术基础。

N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺是一类重要的耐热聚合单体，主要用于高分子材料的耐热改性。埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)是一种新型的天然纳米材料，是制备高性能聚合物结构复合材料的理想增强增韧体。本项目利用HNTs作为强韧改性剂，以N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺类单体作为耐热改性剂对环氧树脂进行强韧耐热改性。制备并优选含羧基取代苯基马来酰亚胺单体，作为耐热改性单体，研究了含羧基取代苯基马来酰亚胺单体热力学性能。利用氨基硅烷偶联剂在HNTs表面上接枝活性官能团氨基，并与含羧基取代苯基马来酰亚胺单体的酰氯化产物反应，将N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺单体接枝到HNTs表面上。研究了含羧基取代苯基马来酰亚胺单体接枝HNTs上的方法和含羧基取代苯基马来酰亚胺单体接枝HNTs改性环氧树脂性能规律，获得了具有一定强韧耐热性的改性产物，为利用HNTs和N-(取代苯基)马来酰亚胺制备高性能环氧树脂复合材料奠定理论和技术基础。