近红外驱动的光电化学适配体集成传感阵列构建及其在食品农药多残留多重检测中的应用

Detection of pesticide residues is the top priority to ensure the source safety of edible agricultural products. The country is in urgent need to improve the detection level of pesticide multi-residues in food. Array-based sensing technology, characterized by multi-channel, multi-information and high throughput, is especially suitable for the analysis of the complex, diverse and trace pesticide residues in food matrix. However, the array sensors developed still suffer from some disadvantages in the analysis of pesticide multi-residues in food, such as low selectivity, limited resolution and lack of efficient signal conversion. Therefore, this project intends to construct a highly selective and sensitive sensor array using aptamer with strict molecular recognition and high affinity to pesticides as recognition element; introduce upconversion luminescent nanomaterials and develop near-infrared light-driven photoelectrochemical sensing interface for high signal-to-noise ratio and traceable signal conversion. On the basis of these two breakthrough, array-based multiplex sensing system will be fabricated, and a new screening method for fast, accurate, low-cost and high-throughput analysis of pesticide multi-residues in food will be established. This project conforms to the great demand for human health in the development of our society, and has significant social benefits and broad application prospects.

农药残留的检测是保障食用农产品源头安全的重中之重。国家迫切需要提高食品中农药多残留检测技术水平。以多通道、多信息、高通量等为特征的阵列型传感技术，尤其适合食品基质中农药残留复杂性、多样性、微痕量的多重分析检测。然而，目前发展的传感阵列在食品农药多残留分析中尚存在选择性不强、分辨识别能力有限，且缺乏高效信号转换等问题。因此，本项目提出以对农药具有严格分子识别能力和高度亲和力的核酸适配体为识别元件，构建高选择性、辨识性的传感阵列；引入上转换发光纳米材料，开发近红外驱动的光电化学传感界面，实现高信噪比、可追踪的高效信号转换。在突破这两个瓶颈问题的基础之上，集成阵列型多重传感系统，并最终建立食品中农药多残留快速、准确、低成本、高通量的联合筛查新技术、新方法，符合我国社会发展中提高人类健康的重大需求，具有显著的社会效益和广阔的应用前景。

农药残留超标引发的食品安全问题已成为目前公共健康面临的最重要威胁之一。国家迫切需要对食品中农残检测技术的关键问题进行攻关，提高分析检测技术水平。发展高特异性的分子识别元件，以及高信噪比的信号转换元件是构建传感器实现食品中多风险分析检测的两大关键。因此，本项目以对农药具有严格分子识别能力和高度亲和力的核酸适配体为识别元件。通过核酸修饰纳米探针的构建，对适配体与其靶标之间的分子识别进行了深入探索。特别关注到靶标引发的适配体-互补链双链结构到适配体-靶标复合物结构转换中的核酸构象的变化，为信号转换策略的设计提供了前提。在此基础上，结合上转换纳米颗粒、Strep-tag体系整合的磁性颗粒、三维纳米负载材料等功能多样的多种材料，开发出比色、荧光、上转换发光、电化学、光电化学等多种类型的传感界面，实现识别信息到可测量信号的高效转换。最终，利用光寻址式多重检测策略，建立了食品中农药多残留检测新方法。通过本项目研究可望推动农药多残留检测新方法、新机制、新技术的研究和发展，符合国家改善食品安全现状的迫切需求，在保障公众健康和社会稳定等方面具有重要意义。