天然水中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂的赋存与光降解机理研究

The environmental occurrence, ecological toxicology, and the fate of phthalate plasticizers have become the hot topics in public and scientific community since they were amended in the list of the important environmental pollutants as new endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) at the beginning of this century. However, most of the current academic researches have focus on the concentration of free phthalates in environmental media and their toxic effects on the human and other organisms. Up to date, little information about the environmental occurrence, transportation, degradation, and transformation of conjugated phthalates and their metabolites in natural environment is available. Recently, many studies indicated that the conjugated phthalates and their metabolites might pose greater threat to the aquatic ecosystem due to their better bioavailability than free phthalates. The objectives of this proposal are to: (i) determine the phthalates, including of free, conjugated, and their metabolites, in natural waters by using the modern analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry and gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry; (ii) study the photolysis kinetics, dynamic and stationary photodegraded products, matrix effects of coexisting ions on photodegradation of typical phthalates in the presence of humic substances; (iii) elucidate the pathways and mechanisms of photodegradation of phthalate plasticizers in natural waters; and (iv) provide the theoretical basis for comprehensively evaluating the environmental occurrence and behavior of phthalates and their metabolites.

邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)塑化剂自本世纪初新增为重要的环境内分泌干扰类污染物以来，其在环境中的污染水平、生态毒理、行为归趋等成为公众和学术界的关注热点，但目前多数研究集中在游离态PAEs塑化剂在环境介质中的浓度分析与生物体内的毒理效应，对其代谢物及共轭态PAEs的环境赋存及迁移转化方面的报道较少。最新毒理研究结果显示共轭态PAEs及其代谢物具有更强的生物可利用性，因此可能对水生态环境影响更大。本项目拟采用现代分析技术检测天然水中PAEs塑化剂的各种赋存形态及其浓度水平，明确PAEs在天然水中的赋存状况，并通过研究典型PAEs塑化剂(游离态和共轭态)及其代谢物在腐殖质水溶液中的光降解动力学、动态及稳态光反应产物、共存离子基质效应等，阐明PAEs塑化剂在天然水环境中的光降解途径与机制，为全面客观评估PAEs塑化剂及其代谢物在环境中的污染水平与行为归趋提供理论基础。

邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)塑化剂自本世纪初新增为重要的环境内分泌干扰类污染物以来，其在环境中的污染水平、生态毒理、行为归趋等成为公众和学术界的关注热点，但目前多数研究集中在游离态PAEs塑化剂在环境介质中的浓度分析与生物体内的毒理效应，对其代谢物及共轭态PAEs的环境赋存及迁移转化方面的报道较少。最新毒理研究结果显示共轭态PAEs及其代谢物具有更强的生物可利用性，因此可能对水生态环境影响更大。本项目建立了现代分析技术并检测了天然水中PAEs塑化剂的各种赋存形态及其浓度水平，明确了PAEs在天然水中的赋存状况，发现邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)是天然水中存在的主要PAEs塑化剂；并通过研究典型PAEs塑化剂(DEHP和DBP)及其代谢物在腐殖质水溶液中的光降解动力学、动态及稳态光反应产物、共存离子基质效应等，阐明了PAEs塑化剂在天然水环境中的光降解途径与机制，为全面客观评估PAEs塑化剂及其代谢物在环境中的污染水平与行为归趋提供理论基础。