全背电极接触单晶钙钛矿太阳能电池

Perovskite solar cells attracting many attentions for its rocketing power conversion efficiency. But there are still challenges before commercialization of perovskite, such as how to realize long term device stability, solve toxicity problem of lead and get higher efficiency devices. The most studied perovskite solar cells currently are based on polycrystalline thin films containing large amount of amorphous grain boundaries, which limited device performance and also was an import factor of device degradation. Perovskite single crystals provide another way to achieve high efficiency solar cells with long term stability because its excellent optical-electric properties and absence of grain boundaries. The improved stability and device performance by using single crystal instead of its polycrystalline thin films is independent to the composition of materials which make it possible to improve stability and efficiency of Sn/Pb or Sn based perovskite solar cells. Here we design interdigitated back contact (IBC) single crystal perovskite solar cells which combine the efficient device structure, the high optic-electrical properties and stability of perovskite single crystal materials. The efficient and stable IBC single crystal solar cells are proposed to be achieved by the high quality crystal wafer growth, device optimization and interfacial engineering.

钙钛矿太阳能电池技术近年发展迅速，其高效率、低成本的特点使其成为当前太阳能电池领域的研究热点。但其产业化过程中仍面临重要难题：如何突破钙钛矿电池效率瓶颈、实现器件长期稳定性、克服钙钛矿毒性是当前领域内的关键科学问题。当前钙钛矿电池技术主要基于多晶薄膜材料，其大量无定形/低结晶度的晶界存在是制约器件性能及稳定性的重要因素。单晶材料内无晶界存在，相对多晶薄膜具有更高的热力学稳定性。同时单晶钙钛矿材料具有远超多晶薄膜的载流子扩散距离、低缺陷密度等优异的电学性能，这为实现高稳定性、高效率的钙钛矿电池提供了可能。单晶材料更高的稳定性及电学性质也为解决无铅/少铅的锡/锡铅混合体系钙钛矿器件性能及稳定性问题提供了新途径。本项目拟基于单晶钙钛矿材料设计制备全背电极接触（IBC）结构单晶钙钛矿电池，通过器件结构优化、高质量薄单晶生长、界面工程优化等手段实现高效、稳定的钙钛矿电池。

钙钛矿太阳能电池技术近年发展迅速，其能量转换效率已经接近商业化太阳能电池，但在产业化过程中仍面临器件稳定性等关键科学瓶颈。.项目基于高质量单晶钙钛矿材料，发展了高效、稳定的单晶钙钛矿太阳能电池技术，研究了具有全背接触电极结构（IBC）的单晶钙钛矿电池，阐述了单晶钙钛矿材料及器件稳定性的关键因素，提升了IBC结构单晶钙钛矿电池的效率，发展了具有领先稳定性的单晶钙钛矿太阳能电池。.项目持续、深入的优化经典组分甲胺铅碘(MAPbI3)钙钛矿晶体质量，通过晶体表面原子级钝化技术实现了对单晶离子移动问题的调控抑制，实现了电场下材料及器件的长时间离子稳定性；进一步通过抑制单晶与电极界面的电化学反应，进一步消除了器件的极化效应，在实现电场稳定的同时抑制了器件噪音及暗电流；通过单晶表面钝化修饰，我们实现了高性能、高稳定的IBC单晶钙钛矿电池，实现了领先水平的能量转换效率及长时间无损工况稳定性。进一步通过晶体质量调控，发展了高性能高能粒子钙钛矿探测器件。.单晶钙钛矿研究的经验为传统钙钛矿薄膜太阳能电池提出了新的改进途径，发展出了一系列高效稳定的柔性钙钛矿器件及单晶辐射探测器，发展了单晶钙钛矿材料及器件的新应用。单晶钙钛矿材料和电池的稳定性及性能的突破，也为实现高效、稳定、具有产业竞争力的新型钙钛矿电池及探测器提供了新方法。.