冷冻干燥Pickering高内相乳液制备多孔材料的研究

Design and development a simple physical method to prepare porous materials with particle stabilized high internal phase emulsion (Pickering HIPE, Pickering concentrated emulsion) as the precursor is great significance for the development of green porous materials with specific properties such as good biocompatibility. In this project, the polyurethane-urea /vinyl ester resin interpenetrating polymer networks(PUU/VER IPN) nanoparticles will be designed and synthesized to stabilize both water-in-oil (W/O) and oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering HIPEs, then the Pickering HIPEs will be directly freeze-dried to obtain the PUU/VER IPN based open porous materials which having a certain mechanical strength and good biocompatibility. It is expected to break through the limitation that the porous materials based on Pickering HIPEs can be only obtained with the chemical reactions, such as radical polymerization, run in the continuous phase of the emulsions. In this project, a simple and universal way will be explored to achieve diversification of the matrix material of the porous materials derived from Pickering HIPEs. The formation process and its impact factors will be studied, and the stabilizing mechanism of Pickering HIPEs will be suggested. This will be helpful to overcome the defects, closed porous structures, of the porous materials that derived from Pickering HIPEs, and give an experimental and theoretical basis to make the materials with open porous characteristics.

设计和开发以粒子稳定的高内相乳液（Pickering HIPE，又称粒子稳定的超浓乳液）为前驱体，通过简单的物理方式制备具有特殊性能如良好生物相容性的开孔材料对于绿色多孔材料具有重要的科学意义。本项目旨在设计合成聚氨酯脲/乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络（PUU/VER IPN）纳米粒子，再以该粒子稳定的水包油或油包水型高内相乳液为前驱体，通过直接冷冻干燥的简单方式制备具有一定力学强度、良好生物相容性的开孔材料。突破高内相乳液模板法仅限于连续相自由基聚合等化学方式合成多孔材料的局限，探索具有一定普适性的，基于Pickering HIPE的多孔材料制备的简便方式，实现其基体材质多样化。研究Pickering HIPE的形成机制和影响因素，探索其稳定机理，寻找和阐明克服Pickering HIPE模板法所得多孔材料开孔特征不明显的缺陷的方法，为赋予这一类材料开孔特征提供实验和理论依。

本项目瞄准基于高内相乳液的聚合物多孔材料制备与性能表征这一当前高分子领域的前沿研究领域。项目设计和开发了以粒子稳定的高内相乳液（Pickering HIPE，又称粒子稳定的超浓乳液）为前驱体，通过简单的物理方式制备具备良好开孔性的多孔材料对。项目在摸索有机或无机粒子稳定高内相乳液，并制备聚合物多孔材料的基础上，设计合成了聚氨酯脲/乙烯基酯树脂互穿聚合物网络（PUU/VER IPN）纳米粒子，再以该粒子稳定的水包油或油包水型高内相乳液。将这一高内相乳液作为前躯体，通过直接冷冻干燥的简单方式制备具有一定力学强度、并呈取向结构的开孔材料。突破了高内相乳液模板法仅限于连续相自由基聚合等化学方式合成多孔材料的局限，探索出了具有一定普适性的，基于Pickering HIPE 的多孔材料制备的简便方式，实现其基体材质多样化。项目还研究了Pickering HIPE 的形成机制和影响因素，探索其稳定机理，阐明了克服Pickering HIPE 模板法所得多孔材料开孔特征不明显的缺陷的方法，为赋予这一类材料开孔特征提供了一定的实验和理论依。通过三年的项目研究，项目组在项目研究领域发表SCI论文7篇（其中影响因子大于3的3篇）EI论文1篇、申请中国发明专利8项（其中已授权5项）、培养博士生1名、硕士3名，参加国际会议1次，并邀请国外相近领域专家来访一次，项目负责人和项目组成员出国访问研究共2人次，较好地完成了项目预期任务。