南极稀疏激光测高控制的国产高分卫星影像大区域网精密定位

Antarctica is a research hotspot on global climate change, ZY-3 satellite has also acquired a large amount of images of Antarctica to support domestic research of this continent. However, the large positioning error of ZY-3 imagery has restricted its effective application, while there is a lack of ground control points in Antarctica. Aiming to solve this problem, the project focuses on large-scale block adjustment of domestic high resolution satellite images (HRSIs) with control of satellite laser altimeter data. Four key technologies will be developed, including the registration of sparse altimeter data and satellite optical images with topographic feature distance constraint, local elevation constraint without support of digital orthographic image, dynamic data organization and automatic triangulation based on rational function model, and fast & robust estimation of large-scale block adjustment parameters. Two regions including Amery and Ronne-Filchner will be selected as study areas to validate the proposed methodologies and achieve high accuracy positioning of ZY-3 images, thus to improve the application potentiality of domestic HRSIs in Antarctic research, also to support the possible Antarctic/global applications of future laser altimeter satellite such as GF-7 satellite etc.

南极是全球变化研究的热点区域，我国资源三号等国产卫星也获取了南极大范围的遥感影像以支持我国南极研究。本项目针对资源三号等卫星影像在南极存在较大定位误差制约其有效应用，而南极缺少地面实测控制点的难题，研究卫星激光测高作为控制的国产高分卫星影像南极大规模区域网平差方法，突破地形特征距离约束的稀疏激光测高数据与光学卫星影像匹配方法、无正射影像支持的激光测高局部高程约束模型、基于有理函数模型的南极大区域数据动态组织与自动构网、以及带约束的大区域网平差模型参数快速稳健估计等核心技术，并选择南极Amery和Ronne-Filchner两个实验区域进行应用实践，实现资源三号等国产卫星影像南极大区域精密定位，提升国产卫星影像在南极的应用潜力，并为GF-7等后续激光测高卫星在南极和全球的应用提供理论方法支撑。

南极是全球变化研究的热点区域，我国资源三号卫星也获取了南极大范围的遥感影像以支持我国南极研究。本项目针对无控条件下资源三号卫星影像在南极存在较大定位误差而制约其有效应用的问题，研究建立了卫星激光测高作为控制的高分卫星影像区域网平差和定位精度提升方法，发展了广义地形特征在像方或物方全局距离最小约束的稀疏激光测高数据与光学影像的匹配方法，提出了南极冰盖动态变化条件下激光高程控制点优选方法，构建了局部平坦区域的激光高程控制约束模型，设计了基于有理函数模型的光学影像大区域数据组织与构网方法，提出了颤振误差改正的光学影像与激光测高联合平差模型，发展了GPU并行加速的预条件共轭梯度大区域网平差参数快速稳健估计算法。项目选择南极Amery、Ronne-Filchner典型区域，开展了资源三号等卫星影像定位测图应用实践，提升了国产卫星影像在南极的测绘应用能力，理论方法成果还拓展应用于地球其他区域的高分遥感高精度定位测图以及月球和深空复杂环境下的遥感测图等。项目按计划完成了全部预定研究内容和目标。