Chemotherapy resistance is the main cause of death in breast cancer patients. So there are important theoretical significance and clinical application value to explore the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance and to find the targets for improving therapeutic effect and achieving individualized treatment. Our previous studies have found that the expression of PGC-1α was obviously upregulated when exposed to 5-FU/DDP in breast cancer cells. And interestingly paclitaxel could inhibit PGC-1α expression in breast cancer cells. It indicated that paclitaxel might be able to enhance the chemo-sensitivity to 5-FU/DDP in breast cancer. It is still not well-known how paclitaxel could reduce resistance of breast cancer to 5-FU/DDP. In this proposed study, we’ll verify PGC-1α expression and the correlation of breast cancer chemo-resistance in clinical specimens, explore the role of paclitaxel in inhibition of PGC-1α expression and inducing mitophagy in breast cancer chemotherapy and the regulation mechanisms in vitro and in vivo, and find out the effects and the mechanisms of PGC-1α-dependent increase of mitophagy on reducing chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer . This study will further reveal the puzzle of chemotherapy resistance and provide new strategy for clinical treatment of breast cancer.
乳腺癌多药耐药是导致患者死亡的重要原因。因此,探索乳腺癌化疗耐药的机制,找到改善耐药的治疗靶点,具有重要的理论意义和临床应用价值。申请人前期研究发现5-FU/顺铂处理乳腺癌细胞后PGC-1α蛋白表达明显升高,用siRNA干扰PGC-1α可明显提高乳腺癌细胞对5-FU/顺铂的敏感性。更为有趣的是,我们发现另一重要化疗药物紫杉醇可明显抑制PGC-1α蛋白表达,提示若在乳腺癌化疗方案中将紫杉醇与5-FU/顺铂联合用药,紫杉醇很有可能降低乳腺癌细胞对5-FU/顺铂的耐药。然而,紫杉醇在体内是否能够以及如何降低5-FU/顺铂耐药仍然有待研究。本课题将研究紫杉醇对乳腺癌5-FU/顺铂耐药的影响,并进一步通过体外和体内实验探索紫杉醇对抗5-FU/顺铂耐药是否是通过抑制PGC-1α表达从而诱导线粒体自噬以及直接诱导线粒体自噬两条途径来实现。本研究为揭示乳腺癌的耐药机制提供理论依据,为临床治疗提供新策略。
乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率居全球女性恶性肿瘤的首位。尽管筛查、诊断和治疗已取得显著进步,但部分亚型乳腺癌的预后仍不理想。其中,管腔型的乳腺癌易出现原发性或继发性内分泌治疗耐药,远期复发风险较高。细胞周期抑制剂对此类复发治疗有效,但因治疗费用昂贵,目前通过何种靶点有效筛选获益患者仍无解。Quaking(QKI)是RNA结合蛋白核糖核酸信号转导和激活(Signals Transduction and Activation of Ribonucleic acid, STAR)家族的成员之一,通过QKI应答元件(QKI response element, QRE)转录后调控前体信使RNA加工、信使RNA 核输出、RNA稳定性、蛋白翻译效率等。我们的前期研究通过公共数据库分析和乳腺癌组织标本验证,并分析了QKI与临床病理因素和预后的相关性,发现QKI的表达水平在管腔型乳腺癌(ER阳性、PR阳性、非三阴性乳腺癌以及非基底样型乳腺癌)中显著下调,QKI的低表达与管腔型乳腺癌预后不良有关。QKI有一千余个RNA靶点,包括Ras、Jun、Fos和p53,既往研究显示,QKI在多种实体瘤中起到抑癌作用,而其在乳腺癌中的生物学功能尚不明确,提示QKI在管腔型乳腺癌的进展中可能起到重要作用。为进一步分析QKI调控乳腺癌生物学表型的具体功能和分子机制,我们通过体外实验检测发现:(1)QKI通过将乳腺癌细胞周期阻滞于G0/G1期,抑制肿瘤增殖、迁移和侵袭转移的潜能,但对肿瘤细胞的凋亡无显著影响。(2)QKI通过直接结合RASA1 mRNA增加其稳定性,负向调控MAPK/Erk和MAPK/ p38信号通路,抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖潜能。本研究为乳腺癌的预后预测提供了新的标志物,并为乳腺癌靶向内分泌治疗寻找新靶点提供了实验依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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