基于加湿除湿海水淡化方法的分布式水电联产系统集成机理研究

For the waste heat of the concentrated solution from the humidification-dehumidification desalination system, the distributed combined water and power system is proposed based on the thermal properties of the humid air and the organic fluid, and water and power are supplied simultaneously. The integrated mechanism between the desalination system and the air-cooled Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system is investigated. Corresponding to the thermal parameters of the concentrated solution, the optimized selection model of the organic fluid with low boiling point is established. The influence principles from the thermal characteristic parameters on the performance of the combined water and power system are studied. The generation mechanism of the irreversible loss during the heat mass transfer and work heat conversion is revealed, and the optimized design method and evaluation model of the distributed combined water and power system for all the working conditions is found. The coupling mechanism between the environment and the air-cooled system with organic fluid is clarified, and the design principles as well as the evaluation method of the air-cooled system are investigated. Furthermore, the variational condition characteristics of the combined system are illustrated under the alternation of the environment and load. The project has a significant science value for the sustainable development of the water resource and the efficient utilization of the energy, and lays the theory basis for the investigation and popularization of the distributed combined water and power system.

本项目针对加湿除湿型海水淡化系统的浓盐水排热，以湿空气和低沸点有机工质的热物性为基础，提出基于加湿除湿海水淡化方法的分布式水电联产系统，同时为用户提供水负荷和电负荷。研究加湿除湿型海水淡化系统与空气冷却有机工质朗肯循环系统的一体化集成原理，建立与海水淡化浓盐水热力学参数相匹配的低沸点有机工质优化选择方法，研究热力学特性参数对分布式水电联产系统热力性能的影响机制，揭示水电联产系统内部传热传质及功热转换过程中不可逆损失的产生机理，建立全运行工况的分布式水电联产系统最优化设计方法及评价模型，揭示有机工质空气冷却系统与环境条件的耦合机制，建立空气冷却系统的设计准则及评价方法，阐明环境条件及水电负荷变化时水电联产系统的变工况特性。项目的实施对于实现水资源的可持续发展及能量的高效利用具有重要的科学价值，为分布式水电联产系统的研究推广奠定科学的理论基础。

水和电力的稳定供应是现代社会发展的基本前提。本项目针对加湿除湿型海水淡化系统的浓盐水排热，以湿空气和低沸点有机工质的热物性为基础，提出基于加湿除湿海水淡化方法的分布式水电联产系统，同时为用户提供水负荷和电负荷。研究了不同热力学参数下湿空气热物性的数学模型，阐述了加湿除湿过程的传热传质特性，提出了加湿除湿型海水淡化系统与有机工质朗肯循环系统的一体化集成原理，揭示了热力学特性参数对分布式水电联产系统热力性能的影响机制，建立了水电联产系统热力学运行边界的可行性判据，揭示了水电联产系统内部传热传质及功热转换过程中不可逆损失的产生机理，建立了全运行工况的分布式水电联产系统的评价模型，揭示有机工质空气冷却系统与环境条件的耦合机制，阐明了关键热力学参数对水电联产系统的热经济性的影响规律。. 研究结果表明，本项目提出的水电联产系统可稳定的提供淡水和电力，其中电力输出7.92kW，淡水流量123.27kg/h, 且该系统的最终效率能达到79%。项目的实施对于实现水资源的可持续发展及能量的高效利用具有重要的科学价值，为分布式水电联产系统的研究推广奠定科学的理论基础。