煤矿巷道高能效动态覆盖无线协作通信方法研究

Coal mine wireless communication technology can offer essential means for guaranteeing safe production, efficient management, timely and effective emergency rescue. Different from the environment of the ground wireless communication networks, coal mine tunnel has many unique features. For example, coal mine tunnel is a special and limited environment, which has greatly restricted the deployment and transmitting power of wireless communication equipments, and requires longer battery life. The resource utilization in existing coal mine wireless applications is low. Hence the ground high energy-efficiency wireless communication researches can't be applied in coal mine tunnel directly. Considering the long and narrow environment of coal mine tunnel, this research proposal mainly includes three parts: (1) To analyze the energy consumption in coal mine wireless communication networks, and then construct causes relationship models between energy-efficiency and equipment deployment-efficiency, spectrum efficiency, and delay for guiding the design of high energy-efficiency coal mine wireless communication method. (2) Considering the distribution changes of wireless terminals in coal mine and a variety of non-voice services, to propose a differentiated and multi-level cell zooming method based on banding cells in coal mine tunnel, and achieve high energy-efficiency wireless communication by using dynamic coverage. (3) According to the repeat configuration of coal mine wireless applications, to present a separation and collaboration communication mechanism between control coverages and application coverages for optimizing network energy-efficiency and resources utilization. The research achievements of the proposal is very significant for improving the energy-efficiency of coal mine tunnel wireless communication technology, prolonging equipments working life and enhancing network resources utilization.

煤矿无线通信技术是确保矿井安全生产、高效管理、及时有效应急救援的必要手段。煤矿巷道是一个特殊的受限环境，无线通信设备的部署和发射功率受到很大限制，且其续航能力要求较高，现有煤矿无线应用网络资源利用率低，地面成熟的高能效无线通信技术不能直接应用于煤矿巷道。本课题针对巷道狭长窄带的特点，主要研究：(1)分析矿井无线通信网络的能耗，建立网络能效与设备部署效率、频谱效率及延时之间的互换关系模型，以指导矿井高能效无线通信方法的设计。(2)针对矿井无线终端的分布变化及各种非话业务的通信需求，提出一种煤矿巷道带状小区区别化多能级缩放方法，利用动态覆盖实现高能效的无线通信。(3)针对煤矿无线应用网络的重复配置问题，提出一种控制覆盖与应用覆盖分离，且不同覆盖间协作通信的机制，优化网络的能效与资源。课题的研究成果对提高煤矿巷道无线通信技术的能效，延长设备工作时间，提高网络资源利用率有十分重要的意义。

随着煤矿自动化程度不断提高，一个灵活可靠、高能效的矿井通信系统是确保煤矿安全生产、高效管理、及时有效的应急救援的必要手段。本课题针对矿井特殊受限环境，提出了高能效动态覆盖的协作通信方法，对提高煤矿巷道无线通信技术的能效，延长设备工作时间，提高网络资源利用率有十分重要的意义。代表性成果包括： 1) 针对煤矿无线通信技术所面临的设备部署受限、发射功率受限、续航能力要求高以及资源利用率低等问题，分析现有矿井无线网络的能耗，构建煤矿巷道无线通信网络能效函数模型，为矿井高能效无线通信方法的设计提供理论基础；2）利用合作博弈和纳什均衡理论，在能量效率、频谱效率和部署效率联合优化方面，基于矿井异构无线通信网络，建立表达能量效率、频谱效率和部署效率三者关系的系统效用函数，并在干扰感知下利用迭代算法找到了网络能效最大值；3) 针对矿井无线终端分布的流动性及日益增长的数据、视频等多种无线业务需求，基于能量效率最大化标准，用连续的带状小区覆盖巷道，并将带状小区划分簇，根据簇内网络负载、终端QoS要求以及信道状态变化，设计多能级基站发射功率，实现小区覆盖面积动态变化，并在此模型的基础上提出一种带状小区多能级高能效动态覆盖方法；4) 针对煤矿无线应用网络的重复配置问题，根据不同应用负载数目的动态变化和对数据速率、实时性等要求不同的特点，结合煤矿巷道环境资源，建立一个控制覆盖与应用覆盖分离，不同覆盖间协作通信的机制，实现矿井无线通信网络的能效和资源的双重优化，满足未来煤矿对无线通信宽带数据及大系统容量的迫切需求。此外，设计开发了基于无线网络的矿井能耗监测系统，利用曲线、标量场等方式实现了监测数据的可视化。